техническая литература (страница 40)

Автор: Umile Spizzirri Gianfranco

The book is intended as an overview on the recent and more relevant developments in the application of composite materials for food packaging applications, emphasizing the scientific outcome arising from the physico-chemical properties of such engineered materials with the needs of food quality and safety. Consumers are increasingly conscious of the strong relationship between food quality and health, and thus the request of packaging materials allowing the quality and safety of foods to be highly preserved. As a result, scientists from both academia and industry work to increase the quality of the food storage, with this book meant as a link between scientific and industrial research, showing how the development in composite materials can impact the field. In the book, the inorganic materials employed for the preparation of composite material is extensively analyzed in terms of physico-chemical properties, environmental and reusability concerns, as well as food interaction features, highlighting the importance and the potential limitations of each approach.

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Автор: Pawlowsky-Glahn Vera

It is difficult to imagine that the statistical analysis of compositional data has been a major issue of concern for more than 100 years. It is even more difficult to realize that so many statisticians and users of statistics are unaware of the particular problems affecting compositional data, as well as their solutions. The issue of ``spurious correlation'', as the situation was phrased by Karl Pearson back in 1897, affects all data that measures parts of some whole, such as percentages, proportions, ppm and ppb. Such measurements are present in all fields of science, ranging from geology, biology, environmental sciences, forensic sciences, medicine and hydrology. This book presents the history and development of compositional data analysis along with Aitchison's log-ratio approach. Compositional Data Analysis describes the state of the art both in theoretical fields as well as applications in the different fields of science. Key Features: Reflects the state-of-the-art in compositional data analysis. Gives an overview of the historical development of compositional data analysis, as well as basic concepts and procedures. Looks at advances in algebra and calculus on the simplex. Presents applications in different fields of science, including, genomics, ecology, biology, geochemistry, planetology, chemistry and economics. Explores connections to correspondence analysis and the Dirichlet distribution. Presents a summary of three available software packages for compositional data analysis. Supported by an accompanying website featuring R code. Applied scientists working on compositional data analysis in any field of science, both in academia and professionals will benefit from this book, along with graduate students in any field of science working with compositional data.

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Автор: Kenneth Jackson A

Compound Semiconductor Devices provides a comprehensive insight into today's standard technologies, covering the vast range of semiconductor products and their possible applications. The materials covered runs from the basics of conventional semiconductor technology through standard,power and opto semiconductors, to highly complex memories and microcontrollers and the special devices and modules for smartcards, automotive electronics, consumer electronics and telecommunications. Some chapters are devoted to the production of semiconductor components and their use in electronic systems as well as to quality management. The book offers students and users a unique overview of technology, architecture and areas of application of semiconductor products.

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Автор: Luigi Mondello

This book provides a detailed description of various multidimensional chromatographic separation techniques. The editor first provides an introduction to the area and then dives right into the various complex separation techniques. While still not used routinely comprehensive chromatography techniques will help acquaint the readers with the fundamentals and possible benefits of multi-dimensional separations coupled with mass spectrometry. The topics include a wide range of material that will appease all interested in either entering the field of multidimensional chromatography and those looking to gain a better understanding of the topic.

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Автор: Ahmed Shabana A

A practical approach to the computational methods used to solve real-world dynamics problems Computational dynamics has grown rapidly in recent years with the advent of high-speed digital computers and the need to develop simulation and analysis computational capabilities for mechanical and aerospace systems that consist of interconnected bodies. Computational Dynamics, Second Edition offers a full introduction to the concepts, definitions, and techniques used in multibody dynamics and presents essential topics concerning kinematics and dynamics of motion in two and three dimensions. Skillfully organized into eight chapters that mirror the standard learning sequence of computational dynamics courses, this Second Edition begins with a discussion of classical techniques that review some of the fundamental concepts and formulations in the general field of dynamics. Next, it builds on these concepts in order to demonstrate the use of the methods as the foundation for the study of computational dynamics. Finally, the book presents different computational methodologies used in the computer-aided analysis of mechanical and aerospace systems. Each chapter features simple examples that show the main ideas and procedures, as well as straightforward problem sets that facilitate learning and help readers build problem-solving skills. Clearly written and ready to apply, Computational Dynamics, Second Edition is a valuable reference for both aspiring and practicing mechanical and aerospace engineers.

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Автор: Andries Engelbrecht P

Computational Intelligence: An Introduction, Second Edition offers an in-depth exploration into the adaptive mechanisms that enable intelligent behaviour in complex and changing environments. The main focus of this text is centred on the computational modelling of biological and natural intelligent systems, encompassing swarm intelligence, fuzzy systems, artificial neutral networks, artificial immune systems and evolutionary computation. Engelbrecht provides readers with a wide knowledge of Computational Intelligence (CI) paradigms and algorithms; inviting readers to implement and problem solve real-world, complex problems within the CI development framework. This implementation framework will enable readers to tackle new problems without any difficulty through a single Java class as part of the CI library. Key features of this second edition include: A tutorial, hands-on based presentation of the material. State-of-the-art coverage of the most recent developments in computational intelligence with more elaborate discussions on intelligence and artificial intelligence (AI). New discussion of Darwinian evolution versus Lamarckian evolution, also including swarm robotics, hybrid systems and artificial immune systems. A section on how to perform empirical studies; topics including statistical analysis of stochastic algorithms, and an open source library of CI algorithms. Tables, illustrations, graphs, examples, assignments, Java code implementing the algorithms, and a complete CI implementation and experimental framework. Computational Intelligence: An Introduction, Second Edition is essential reading for third and fourth year undergraduate and postgraduate students studying CI. The first edition has been prescribed by a number of overseas universities and is thus a valuable teaching tool. In addition, it will also be a useful resource for researchers in Computational Intelligence and Artificial Intelligence, as well as engineers, statisticians, operational researchers, and bioinformaticians with an interest in applying AI or CI to solve problems in their domains. Check out http://www.ci.cs.up.ac.za for examples, assignments and Java code implementing the algorithms.

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Автор: Arce Gonzalo R

A Unified Summary of the Models and Optimization Methods Used in Computational Lithography Optical lithography is one of the most challenging areas of current integrated circuit manufacturing technology. The semiconductor industry is relying more on resolution enhancement techniques (RETs), since their implementation does not require significant changes in fabrication infrastructure. Computational Lithography is the first book to address the computational optimization of RETs in optical lithography, providing an in-depth discussion of optimal optical proximity correction (OPC), phase shifting mask (PSM), and off-axis illumination (OAI) RET tools that use model-based mathematical optimization approaches. The book starts with an introduction to optical lithography systems, electric magnetic field principles, and the fundamentals of optimization from a mathematical point of view. It goes on to describe in detail different types of optimization algorithms to implement RETs. Most of the algorithms developed are based on the application of the OPC, PSM, and OAI approaches and their combinations. Algorithms for coherent illumination as well as partially coherent illumination systems are described, and numerous simulations are offered to illustrate the effectiveness of the algorithms. In addition, mathematical derivations of all optimization frameworks are presented. The accompanying MATLAB® software files for all the RET methods described in the book make it easy for readers to run and investigate the codes in order to understand and apply the optimization algorithms, as well as to design a set of optimal lithography masks. The codes may also be used by readers for their research and development activities in their academic or industrial organizations. An accompanying MATLAB® software guide is also included. An accompanying MATLAB® software guide is included, and readers can download the software to use with the guide at ftp://ftp.wiley.com/public/sci_tech_med/computational_lithography. Tailored for both entry-level and experienced readers, Computational Lithography is meant for faculty, graduate students, and researchers, as well as scientists and engineers in industrial organizations whose research or career field is semiconductor IC fabrication, optical lithography, and RETs. Computational lithography draws from the rich theory of inverse problems, optics, optimization, and computational imaging; as such, the book is also directed to researchers and practitioners in these fields.

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Автор: Leon L. Mishnaevsky, Jr

Mechanical properties of composite materials can be improved by tailoring their microstructures. Optimal microstructures of composites, which ensure desired properties of composite materials, can be determined in computational experiments. The subject of this book is the computational analysis of interrelations between mechanical properties (e.g., strength, damage resistance stiffness) and microstructures of composites. The methods of mesomechanics of composites are reviewed, and applied to the modelling of the mechanical behaviour of different groups of composites. Individual chapters are devoted to the computational analysis of the microstructure- mechanical properties relationships of particle reinforced composites, functionally graded and particle clusters reinforced composites, interpenetrating phase and unidirectional fiber reinforced composites, and machining tools materials.

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Автор: Dominic Diston J

This first volume of Computational Modelling of Aircraft and the Environment provides a comprehensive guide to the derivation of computational models from basic physical & mathematical principles, giving the reader sufficient information to be able to represent the basic architecture of the synthetic environment. Highly relevant to practitioners, it takes into account the multi-disciplinary nature of the aerospace environment and the integrated nature of the models needed to represent it. Coupled with the forthcoming Volume 2: Aircraft Models and Flight Dynamics it represents a complete reference to the modelling and simulation of aircraft and the environment. All major principles with this book are demonstrated using MATLAB and the detailed mathematics is developed progressively and fully within the context of each individual topic area, thereby rendering the comprehensive body of material digestible as an introductory level text. The author has drawn from his experience as a modelling and simulation specialist with BAE SYSTEMS along with his more recent academic career to create a resource that will appeal to and benefit senior/graduate students and industry practitioners alike.

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Автор: Subchan Dr Subchan

Computational Optimal Control: Tools and Practice provides a detailed guide to informed use of computational optimal control in advanced engineering practice, addressing the need for a better understanding of the practical application of optimal control using computational techniques. Throughout the text the authors employ an advanced aeronautical case study to provide a practical, real-life setting for optimal control theory. This case study focuses on an advanced, real-world problem known as the “terminal bunt manoeuvre” or special trajectory shaping of a cruise missile. Representing the many problems involved in flight dynamics, practical control and flight path constraints, this case study offers an excellent illustration of advanced engineering practice using optimal solutions. The book describes in practical detail the real and tested optimal control software, examining the advantages and limitations of the technology. Featuring tutorial insights into computational optimal formulations and an advanced case-study approach to the topic, Computational Optimal Control: Tools and Practice provides an essential handbook for practising engineers and academics interested in practical optimal solutions in engineering. Focuses on an advanced, real-world aeronautical case study examining optimisation of the bunt manoeuvre Covers DIRCOL, NUDOCCCS, PROMIS and SOCS (under the GESOP environment), and BNDSCO Explains how to configure and optimize software to solve complex real-world computational optimal control problems Presents a tutorial three-stage hybrid approach to solving optimal control problem formulations

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Автор: Koch Magaly

This fourth and full colour edition updates and expands a widely-used textbook aimed at advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students taking courses in remote sensing and GIS in Geography, Geology and Earth/Environmental Science departments. Existing material has been brought up to date and new material has been added. In particular, a new chapter, exploring the two-way links between remote sensing and environmental GIS, has been added. New and updated material includes: A website at www.wiley.com/go/mather4 that provides access to an updated and expanded version of the MIPS image processing software for Microsoft Windows, PowerPoint slideshows of the figures from each chapter, and case studies, including full data sets, Includes new chapter on Remote Sensing and Environmental GIS that provides insights into the ways in which remotely-sensed data can be used synergistically with other spatial data sets, including hydrogeological and archaeological applications, New section on image processing from a computer science perspective presented in a non-technical way, including some remarks on statistics, New material on image transforms, including the analysis of temporal change and data fusion techniques, New material on image classification including decision trees, support vector machines and independent components analysis, and Now in full colour throughout. This book provides the material required for a single semester course in Environmental Remote Sensing plus additional, more advanced, reading for students specialising in some aspect of the subject. It is written largely in non-technical language yet it provides insights into more advanced topics that some may consider too difficult for a non-mathematician to understand. The case studies available from the website are fully-documented research projects complete with original data sets. For readers who do not have access to commercial image processing software, MIPS provides a licence-free, intuitive and comprehensive alternative.

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Автор: Dr. Muhammad Sarfraz

Intelligent recognition methods have recently proven to be indispensable in a variety of modern industries, including computer vision, robotics, medical imaging, visualization and the media. Furthermore, they play a critical role in the traditional fields such as character recognition, natural language processing and personal identification. This cutting-edge book draws together the latest findings of industry experts and researchers from around the globe. It is a timely guide for all those require comprehensive, state-of-the-art advice on the present status and future potential of intelligent recognition technology. Computer-Aided Intelligent Recognition Techniques and Applications: Provides the user community with systems and tools for application in a very wide range of areas, including: IT, education, security, banking, police, postal services, manufacturing, mining, medicine, multimedia, entertainment, communications, data visualization, knowledge extraction, pattern classification and virtual reality. Disseminates information in a plethora of disciplines, for example pattern recognition, AI, image processing, computer vision and graphics, neural networks, cryptography, fuzzy logic, databases, evolutionary algorithms, shape and numerical analysis. Illustrates all theory with real-world examples and case studies. This valuable resource is essential reading for computer scientists, engineers, and consultants requiring up-to-date comprehensive guidance on the latest developments in computer-aided intelligent recognition techniques and applications. Its detailed, practical approach will be of interest to senior undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers and industry experts in the field of intelligent recognition.

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Автор: Shaharuddin Salleh

A visual, interdisciplinary approach to solving problems in numerical methods Computing for Numerical Methods Using Visual C++ fills the need for a complete, authoritative book on the visual solutions to problems in numerical methods using C++. In an age of boundless research, there is a need for a programming language that can successfully bridge the communication gap between a problem and its computing elements through the use of visual-ization for engineers and members of varying disciplines, such as biologists, medical doctors, mathematicians, economists, and politicians. This book takes an interdisciplinary approach to the subject and demonstrates how solving problems in numerical methods using C++ is dominant and practical for implementation due to its flexible language format, object-oriented methodology, and support for high numerical precisions. In an accessible, easy-to-follow style, the authors cover: Numerical modeling using C++ Fundamental mathematical tools MFC interfaces Curve visualization Systems of linear equations Nonlinear equations Interpolation and approximation Differentiation and integration Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors Ordinary differential equations Partial differential equations This reader-friendly book includes a companion Web site, giving readers free access to all of the codes discussed in the book as well as an equation parser called «MyParser» that can be used to develop various numerical applications on Windows. Computing for Numerical Methods Using Visual C++ serves as an excellent reference for students in upper undergraduate- and graduate-level courses in engineering, science, and mathematics. It is also an ideal resource for practitioners using Microsoft Visual C++.

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Автор: David Wilson J

This book contributes to more reliable and realistic predictions by focusing on sampling times from a few seconds to a few hours. Its objectives include developing clear definitions of statistical terms, such as plume sampling time, concentration averaging time, receptor exposure time, and other terms often confused with each other or incorrectly specified in hazard assessments; identifying and quantifying situations for which there is no adequate knowledge to predict concentration fluctuations in the near-field, close to sources, and far downwind where dispersion is dominated by atmospheric turbulence; identifying areas where further information is required to define concentration variability statistics; and formulating an operation model for concentration fluctuations based on the current state of knowledge of dispersion processes.

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Автор: Sebastiano Porretta

Concepts are critical for the development and marketing of products and services. They constitute the blueprint for these products and services, albeit at the level of consumers rather than at the technical level. A good product concept can help make the product a success by guiding developers and advertising in the right direction. Yet, there is a dearth of both practical and scientific information about how to create and evaluate concepts. There has been little or no focus on establishing knowledge bases for concepts. Concept development is too often relegated to the so-called “fuzzy front end.” Concept Research in Food Product Design and Development remedies this inattention to product concepts by providing a unique treatment of concepts for the business professional as well as for research scientists. The book begins with simple principles of concepts, moves forward to methods for testing concepts, and then on to more substantive areas such as establishing validity, testing internationally and with children, creating databases, and selling in new methods for concept testing. The book combines a “how to” business book with a detailed treatment of the different facets of concept research. As such, the book represents a unique contribution to business applications in food, and consumer research methods. The book is positioned specifically for foods, to maintain a focus on a coherent set of topics. Concept Research in Food Product Design and Development appeals to a wide variety of audiences: R&D, marketing, sensory analysts, and universities alike. Corporate R&D professionals will learn how to create strong concepts. Marketers will recognize how concepts are at the heart of their business. Sensory analysts will find the book a natural extension of their interest in product features. University students will understand how concept research is a critical part of the “consumer-connection.” Concept Research in Food Product Design and Development is the definitive, innovative text in describing how to create, analyze, and capitalize upon new product concepts.

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Автор: Susan MacDonald

This book deals with the diagnosis, prognosis and repair issues associated with concrete buildings. Since the patenting and subsequent large-scale manufacture of modern cement, in the nineteenth century, concrete has become one of the most widely used construction materials in the world. Those concerned with building pathology now need to understand problems specifically related to concrete and to identify appropriate methods of repair and remediation. This book brings together experts in the history, defect diagnosis, remediation and maintenance of concrete. It includes case studies from around the world to illustrate the various repair methods available. It will provide an invaluable guide for architects, building surveyors, structural engineers and specialist contractors as well as students of building pathology and conservation.

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Автор: William Smothers J

This volume is part of the Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceeding (CESP) series. This series contains a collection of papers dealing with issues in both traditional ceramics (i.e., glass, whitewares, refractories, and porcelain enamel) and advanced ceramics. Topics covered in the area of advanced ceramic include bioceramics, nanomaterials, composites, solid oxide fuel cells, mechanical properties and structural design, advanced ceramic coatings, ceramic armor, porous ceramics, and more.

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Автор: Sam Hansen

EVERY SECOND COUNTS WHEN YOU'RE RESPONDING TO AN EMERGENCY INVOLVINGCONFINED SPACE-HERE'S THE DEFINITIVE GUIDE TO PERFORMING FLAWLESS RESCUES! Confined Space Entry and Emergency Response utilizes a realistic, scenario-based approach to teach you-and your staff-the right way to respond to an incident involving a confined space. The authors provide intensive, step-by-step guidance through the challenging maze of training regulations, equipment needs, and procedures to keep your response team finely tuned and ready to go under any conditions. You'll find expert, detailed coverage of complex-and often confusing-topics such as: * The basic components of rescue * OSHA's regulations for confined space entry and rescue * Confined space entry permitting * Assessing confined space hazards * Hazardous atmospheres and how to protect entrants from them * Air monitoring in confined spaces * Selection and use of personal protective equipment * The use of ropes and rigging The CD-ROM includes the Instructor's Guide along with lesson plans and useful practice tools such as worksheets, exercise handouts, performance checklists, diagrams and equipment lists for field exercises, instructions for building field training simulators, and guidelines for identifying rescue trainers and evaluating their competency as well as that of outside rescue teams. Everything you need to effectively train those working in a confined space can truly be found within these pages and on the CD-ROM.

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Автор: Jeffery Whitfield

Construction projects are beset with disputes. In 1960 around 250 writs were issued relating to construction disputes. Within 30 years this number increased five-fold, and in the 20 years since then the number of disputes has not fallen. Some disputes are significant, others are quite minor, but most could probably be avoided. Disputes originate in disagreements or conflict between individuals, which if addressed early, can prevent escalation into situations that are difficult, expensive and time consuming to resolve. Conflicts in Construction deals with all types of conflict but concentrates on the conflicts that lead to disputes in construction projects. The book shows the reader how to avoid, manage and resolve conflicts before they become serious disputes. The first edition of Conflicts in Construction was read widely and saved many individuals and companies from falling into intractable disputes. The second edition, fully updated, forms the base content for the Hill/ Knowles seminar series on conflicts, delivered around the globe by the author, and will be an important read for everyone employed in the construction industry.

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Автор: Lars Josefsson

This is the first comprehensive treatment of conformal antenna arrays from an engineering perspective. While providing a thorough foundation in theory, the authors of this publication provide a wealth of hands-on instruction for practical analysis and design of conformal antenna arrays. Thus, you get the knowledge you need, alongside the practical know-how to design antennas that are integrated into such structures aircrafts or skyscrapers.

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Автор: Liu Bin

This is the first monograph to specifically focus on fundamentals and applications of polyelectrolytes, a class of molecules that gained substantial interest due to their unique combination of properties. Combining both features of organic semiconductors and polyelectrolytes, they offer a broad field for fundamental research as well as applications to analytical chemistry, optical imaging, and opto-electronic devices. The initial chapters introduce readers to the synthesis, optical and electrical properties of various conjugated polyelectrolytes. This is followed by chapters on the applications of these materials in optical sensing and imaging with emphasis on biological systems, while the final section addresses the emerging applications of conjugated polyelectrolytes in optoelectronic devices, concluding with an in-depth discussion of structure-property relationship. The editors and contributors are all pioneers and experts in this expanding field. This monograph is not only for chemists, materials scientists, and physicists, but also a unique source of knowledge for readers with scientific background interested in polyelectrolytes.

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Автор: Paul Golding

Connected Services is a must-read for telco strategists who need to get up to speed on how the world of software and the web 2. 0 works. Andreas Constantinou, Research Director, VisionMobile «This book is a must read for those charged with leading innovation in a world of connected services where telco and Internet collide.» – Jason Goecke, VP of Innovation, Voxeo Labs This book explains the common underlying technological themes that underpin the new era of connected services in a post Web 2.0 epoch In this book, the author explores the underlying technological themes that underpin the new era of connected services. Furthermore, it explains how the technologies work and what makes each of them significant, for example, the potential for finding new meaning in data in the world of BIG DATA platforms, often referred to as “No-SQL” databases. In addition, it tackles the newest areas of technology such as HTML5, Android, iOS, open source, mash-ups, cloud computing, real-time Web, augmented reality, and more. Finally, the book discusses the opportunities and challenges of a connected world where both machines and people communicate in a pervasive fashion, looking beyond the hype and promise of emerging categories of communication such as the “Internet of Things” and “Real-time Web” to show managers how to understand the potential of the enabling technologies and apply them for meaningful applications in their own world. Key Features: Explores the common and emergent underlying technological themes that underpin the new era of connected services Addresses the newest areas of Internet technology such as web and mobile 2.0, open source, mash-ups, cloud computing, web 3.0, augmented reality, and more Shows the reader how to understand the potential of the enabling technologies and apply them for meaningful applications in their own world Discusses new developments in the technological landscape such as Smartphone proliferation, maturation of Web 2.0, increased convergence between mobile networks and the Internet, and so forth Examines modern software paradigms like Software-as-as-Service (SaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) and Network-as-a-Service (NaaS) Explores in detail how Web start-ups really work and what telcos can do to adopt lean and agile methods This book will be an invaluable guide for technical designers and managers, project managers, product managers, CEOs etc. at mobile operators (O2, Vodafone, Orange, T-Mobile, BT), fixed operators, converged operators and their contributory supplier networks (e.g. infrastructure providers). Internet providers (Google, Yahoo, Amazon, eBay, Apple, Facebook), analysts, product managers, developers, architects, consultants, technology investors, analysts, marketing directors, business development directors will also find this book of interest.

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Автор: Harry Perros G

A thorough knowledge of modern connection-oriented networks is essential to understanding the current and near-future state of networking. This book provides a complete overview of connection-oriented networks, discussing both packet-switched and circuit-switched networks, which, though seemingly different, share common networking principles. It details the history and development of such networks, and defines their terminology and architecture, before progressing to aspects such as signaling and standards. There is inclusive coverage of SONET/SDH, ATM networks, Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), optical networks, access networks and voice over ATM and MPLS. Connection-oriented Networks: * Provides in-depth, systematic coverage of several connection-oriented networks in a single volume * Explains topics such as the Generic Framing Procedure, Label Distribution Protocols, Wavelength Routing Optical Networks, Optical Burst Switching, and Access Networks in detail * Illustrates all concepts with problems and simulation projects to test and deepen your understanding * Includes an accompanying website with solutions manual and complete set of PowerPoint presentations for each chapter Senior undergraduate and graduate students in telecommunication and networking courses, as well as networking engineers, will find this comprehensive guide to connection-oriented packet-switched and circuit-switched networks useful for their training. The book presents tried and tested material based on an existing, successful course.

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Автор: H. Alesso Peter

In their fascinating analysis of the recent history of information technology, H. Peter Alesso and Craig F. Smith reveal the patterns in discovery and innovation that have brought us to the present tipping point. . . . A generation from now, every individual will have personally tailored access to the whole of knowledge . . . the sooner we all begin to think about how we got here, and where we're going, the better. This exciting book is an essential first step. —From the Foreword by James Burke Many people envision scientists as dispassionate characters who slavishly repeat experiments until «eureka»—something unexpected happens. Actually, there is a great deal more to the story of scientific discovery, but seeing «the big picture» is not easy. Connections: Patterns of Discovery uses the primary tools of forecasting and three archetypal patterns of discovery—Serendipity, Proof of Principle, and 1% Inspiration and 99% Perspiration—to discern relationships of past developments and synthesize a cohesive and compelling vision for the future. It challenges readers to think of the consequences of extrapolating trends, such as Moore's Law, to either reach real machine intelligence or retrench in the face of physical limitations. From this perspective,the book draws «the big picture» for the Information Revolution's innovations in chips, devices, software, and networks. With a Foreword by James Burke and bursting with fascinating detail throughout, Connections: Patterns of Discovery is a must-read for computer scientists, technologists, programmers, hardware and software developers, students, and anyone with an interest in tech-savvy topics.

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Автор: Dennis Rodwell

Conservation and Sustainability in Historic Cities examines how the two key issues of urban conservation and sustainability relate to each other in the context of historic cities, and how they can be brought together in a common philosophy and practice that is mutually supportive. It sets out the theoretical and practical background to architectural conservation and how its perceived relevance and level of attainment can be extended when harnessed to wider agendas of sustainability and cultural identity. It tests the achievement of urban conservation through examples from across Europe and further afield and relates them to the sustainability agenda.

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Автор: Christophe Lecoutre

A major challenge in constraint programming is to develop efficient generic approaches to solve instances of the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). With this aim in mind, this book provides an accessible synthesis of the author's research and work in this area, divided into four main topics: representation, inference, search, and learning. The results obtained and reproduced in this book have a wide applicability, regardless of the nature of the problem or the constraints involved, making it an extremely user-friendly resource for those involved in this field.

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Автор: Alexandros Stefanakis I

A groundbreaking book on the application of the economic and environmentally effective treatment of industrial wastewater Constructed Wetlands for Industrial Wastewater Treatment contains a review of the state-of-the-art applications of constructed wetland technology for industrial wastewater treatment. This green technology offers many economic, environmental, and societal advantages. The text examines the many unique uses and the effectiveness of constructed wetlands for the treatment of complex and heavily polluted wastewater from various industrial sources. The editor – a noted expert in the field – and the international author team (93 authors from 22 countries) present vivid examples of the current state of constructed wetlands in the industrial sector. The text is filled with international case studies and research outcomes and covers a wide range of applications of these sustainable systems including facilities such as the oil and gas industry, agro-industries, paper mills, pharmaceutical industry, textile industry, winery, brewery, sludge treatment and much more. The book reviews the many system setups, examines the different removal and/or transformational processes of the various pollutants and explores the overall effectiveness of this burgeoning technology. This important resource: Offers the first, groundbreaking text on constructed wetlands use for industrial wastewater treatment Provides a single reference with summarized information and the state-of-the-art knowledge of the use of Constructed Wetlands in the industrial sector through case studies, research outcomes and review chapters Covers a range of industrial applications such as hydrocarbons/oil and gas industry, food and beverage, wood and leather processing, agro-industries, pharmaceuticals and many others Includes best practices drawn by a collection of international case studies Presents the latest technological developments in the industry Written for civil and environmental engineers, sustainable wastewater/water managers in industry and government, Constructed Wetlands for Industrial Wastewater Treatment is the first book to offer a comprehensive review of the set-up and effectiveness of constructed wetlands for a wide range of industrial applications to highlight the diverse economic and environmental benefits this technology brings to the industry.

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Автор: John Riches

Adjudication has been the main means of settling construction disputes since it was first introduced by the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996, and a substantial body of case law has now built up. This book established itself as the key authority on adjudication when it was first published. It has now been revised to reflect the authors' experience of adjudication in practice and to cover the large number of court decisions. It features useful appendices on adjudication materials.

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Автор: Mike Thomas

‘As long as government continues to push collaborative working and best value, partnering will be in vogue’ If you are implementing partnering in your organisation and don’t know where to start, this book covers everything you’ll need – explaining all aspects of the partnering relationship from scratch. Construction Partnering & Integrated Teamworking provides information and instruction on the full range of topics in sufficient depth and tells you: how to do it the tools you’ll need the pitfalls to avoid. With its accessible and practical approach, Construction Partnering & Integrated Teamworking trains you in the essential elements of partnering. The authors Since setting up Mike Thomas Ltd in 1997, Gill and Mike Thomas have facilitated more than 400 project and strategic team workshops including partnering, value and risk management, post-project reviews, team-building and best practice training.

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Автор: Donald Towey

The modern quantity surveyor (QS) plays a central role in the management of construction projects, although the exact nature of the role depends on who employs the QS. The Professional Quantity Surveyor engaged by the client and the Contractor's Quantity Surveyor have different roles to play in any construction project, with the contractor's QS role extending beyond measurement to the day-to-day running of building projects, estimating, contract administration and construction planning, as well as commercial, cost and project management. This book aims to provide readers with a practical guide into quantity surveying from a main contractor's perspective. Readers will acquire an understanding of the skills and competencies required by the contractor’s quantity surveyor. Following a brief introduction, the book's early chapters cover measurement methodology and the contractor's business, with the rest of the chapters discussing commercial and contractual management of a construction project, including day-to-day running from commencement through to completion, in a highly practical way.

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Автор: David Langford

It is often said that in order to know where we are going, we need to know where we have been. For some years the construction industry has been challenged to deliver better performance in terms of value for money, timelier construction and defect free building. Behind this remodelling of an industry is Government. The interest by Government is not new, and report after report in the post war period has exhorted the industry to perform better. This book documents how Government, through influential reports, has sought to shape the performance and attitudes of parties to the construction industry. It provides a critical review of 12 of the most significant, setting these against their political, social and economic background, and offers a ready reference and critique for researchers of construction management, government and economics.

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Автор: Tony Bryan

The second edition of Construction Technology: Analysis and Choice has been expanded to include commercial buildings. This now covers, in a single textbook, all the basic forms of construction studied on professional courses. The book takes as its theme the process of choice: what the expert has to know and how he/she might think through the decisions to be made about the design, production, maintenance and disposal of buildings. It is written with the conviction that by focusing on the process of choice, the range of theory and knowledge that is useful to practice becomes explicit, making the link between knowledge and practice, and between understanding and experience. The new edition has been updated throughout with extensive additions to Chapter13: Manufacture and Assembly and to Chapter 15: Sustainability. An entire new section has been added, covering all the main elements of commercial construction. Students will find here explanations of how environments, structural behaviour, production know-how, cost and social concerns such as sustainability can be taken into account in the choice of construction. They will also gain a clear understanding of the construction details and specifications adopted for both housing and commercial buildings in the UK at the beginning of the 21st century. Provides a framework to think through proposed solutions Sets the choice of solution in both time and place, and in the context of sustainability Focuses on key questions: will the proposal fail; and can it be built? Considers a building’s response to loading, environmental conditions and time Looks at the production process as manufacture and assembly Book website at www.wiley.com/go/bryanconstructiontech2e Contains nearly 200 fully referenced, clear line drawings to download for free, as well as suggested learning activities for lecturers to incorporate into their teaching programmes.

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Автор: Kristiina Jokinen

Dialogue management technology has developed rapidly over the years resulting in real-time applications like telephony directories, timetable enquiries, and in-car applications. However, the current technology is still largely based on models that use rigid command language type interactions, and the users need to adapt their human communication strategies to the needs of the technology. As an increasing number of interactive ubiquitous applications will appear, challenges for interaction technology concern especially natural, more human-friendly communication. Recent research has focused on developing speech-based interactive systems that aim to increase the system’s communicative competence. By including aspects of interaction beyond simple speech recognition and question-answer based interaction, applications with more conversational interfaces have become possible. New dialogue management technology needs to address the challenges in human-technology interaction, so that smart environments should not only enable user-controlled command interfaces but equip applications with a capability that affords easy and friendly interactions with the user. Dialogue Modelling: Speech Interaction and Rational Agents provides an overview of the current dialogue technology and research trends in spoken dialogue systems, presenting a coherent perspective of AI-based cooperative interaction management. The book complements existing research regarding human-computer interfaces, speech and language technology, and communication studies in general, bringing different view-points together and integrating them into a single point of reference. Constructive Dialogue Modelling: Presents a guide to spoken dialogue technology and current research trends. Provides an overview of human factors in dialogue systems and delivers a new metaphor for human-computer interaction and computer as agent. Explains the architecture of dialogue systems using examples from systems such as Interact and DUMAS Offers a comprehensive overview of original research into the new trends in speech dialogue technology in light of innovations such as ubiquitous computing. This book will provide essential reading for industrial designers and interface engineers, university researchers and teachers, computer scientists, human communication researchers, speech and language technologists, cognitive engineers/cognitive scientists, as well as social and media researchers, and psychologists. Advanced students and researchers in computer science, speech and language technologies, psychology and communication research will find this text of interest.

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Автор: Cecilia Saint-Denis Y

Practical reference on the latest sensory and consumer evaluation techniques available to professionals and academics working in food and consumer goods product development and marketing This unique manual describes how to implement specific sensory and consumer methods based on context and objective. Presented in a direct and straightforward language that will speak to the industry professionals and academics who are on the ground attempting to solve technical questions, it reviews, step by step, the various stages of a product evaluation. Included are practical examples from many industries that practitioners can relate to. The book also shows how to build a sustainable short-, medium-, and long-term product evaluation strategy, and guides readers on how to create customized methods, or even completely new approaches. Consumer and Sensory Evaluation Techniques speaks to management and decision-makers within organizations and addresses the main questions (eg: «How much will it cost?» and «How quickly can it be achieved?») that are faced when developing and testing new products before a launch. Chapters cover: the pillars of good consumer and sensory studies; sensory profile of a product: mapping internal sensory properties; the foundations of consumer evaluation; study plans and strategy—sustainable short, mid and long-term vision; real-life anticipation with market factors: concept, price, brand, market channel; and internal studies versus sub-contracting. Uses examples from multiple sectors to show how to build a sustainable product evaluation strategy Analyses the critical milestones to follow and the pitfalls to avoid Supports the decision-making process while developing fast yet robust test strategies that will increase the likelihood of a product's success Consumer and Sensory Evaluation Techniques is the perfect resource for students, faculty and professionals working in product development, including formulators and marketers.

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Автор: R. Nagarajan

A practical «how to» guide that effectively deals with the control of both contamination and ESD This book offers effective strategies and techniques for contamination and electrostatic discharge (ESD) control that can be implemented in a wide range of high-technology industries, including semiconductor, disk drive, aerospace, pharmaceutical, medical device, automobile, and food production manufacturing. The authors set forth a new and innovative methodology that can manage both contamination and ESD, often considered to be mutually exclusive challenges requiring distinct strategies. Beginning with two general chapters on the fundamentals of contamination and ESD control, the book presents a logical progression of topics that collectively build the necessary skills and knowledge: Analysis methods for solving contamination and ESD problems Building the contamination and ESD control environment, including design and construction of cleanrooms and ESD protected environments Cleaning processes and the equipment needed to support these processes Tooling design and certification Continuous monitoring Consumable supplies and packaging materials Controlling contamination and ESD originating from people Management of cleanrooms and ESD protected workplace environments Contamination and ESD Control in High-Technology Manufacturing conveys a practical, working knowledge of contamination and ESD control strategies and techniques, and it is filled with case studies that illustrate key principles and the benefits of contamination and ESD control. Moreover, its straightforward style makes the material, which integrates many disciplines of engineering and science, clear and accessible. Written by three leading industry experts, this book is an essential guide for engineers and designers across the many industries where contamination and ESD control is a concern.

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Автор: Fumio Hasegawa

We are currently in a digital content era. With the increase in circulation of multimedia content globally via the internet it has lead to the need for reuse of content stored in archives; the utilisation of newly stored materials; partially finished broadcasting programmes and finished content. This book proposes to show solutions to these numerous content issues. It will discuss large scale archives for significant content and a retrieval method for large scale archives and remote editing. The book will also examine the protection of intellectual property rights, which is one of the most important issues facing content owners. Examines the design and implementation of a practical digital content production system Proposes to show solutions to various content issues Covers various retrieval methods for large-scale archives using MPEG-1 streaming technology and remote editing using an original time code Discusses large-scale video archive systems which will enable high speed retrieval and edit functions for large amounts of video data with multi-purpose applications A resource that all broadcast engineers, systems integrators and engineers for equipment manufacturers will find invaluable. The thorough approach to this topic ensures that this title will become the standard reference for R&D specialists in content production and digital archiving.

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Автор: H. M?ller R

During the last decade, continuous casting has gained increasing importance as a highly developed technology for the production of superior quality pre-forms for specific subsequent processing by both the copper and the light metals industry. Current progress also includes spray forming as an increasingly important processing option. Therefore, experts from the manufacturing industry, researchers and scientists from university and industry as well as suppliers of equipment and ancillary products need to stay up-to-date on most recent technical, economical and ecological developments. These Proceedings of the Continuous Casting 2005 conference will review the complete range of the processing chain covering both melt treatment and casting technology as well as specific measures for micro-structural control. A focal point of the programme will deal with modelling and simulation that has become an integral part of modern manufacturing. But also safety and health aspects will be approached.

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Автор: CCPS (Center for Chemical Process Safety)

Whether occurring accidentally or through acts of terrorism, catastrophic chemical releases must be identified early in order to mitigate their consequences. Continuous sensor monitoring can detect catastrophic chemical releases early enough to curb extreme amounts of damage. In several notable instances, such monitors have not been used appropriately, or have fallen short of what they should have been capable of delivering. This book provides the technical background and guidance needed to get the most from this emerging technique and details the essentials of preparing any workplace from falling victim to a gas-leak catastrophe.

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Автор: Vincent Powell-Smith

The JCT standard forms of building contract require a thorough understanding of their procedural requirements, as well as their legal implications. They require both the contractor and the architect, on behalf of the employer, to send a wide range of notices and letters if each party is to protect its legitimate interests. The main contract forms are also supported by complex sub-contract documentation. Therefore, it is not surprising that when this book of specimen letters, notices and forms was first published, it was widely welcomed by the construction industry. The book provides examples of documentation likely to be required for a contract under the following JCT forms: ? the Standard Form of Building Contract ? the Intermediate Form of Building Contract ? the Agreement for Minor Building Works ? the Standard Form of Building Contract With Contractor's Design It includes a commentary on the practical implications of the various documents and highlights the points to be watched. The new edition takes into account the wide range of amendments to the latest editions of the standard forms following the Housing Grants, Construction and Regeneration Act 1996, and in particular, the new payment and adjudication provisions. For the first time it features documentation for use with the JCT design and build form.

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Автор: William F. Early, II

Written and edited by engineering contractors and industry project/maintenance managers as an easy-to-use guide for other industry professionals, this book identifies important process safety issues in the contractor-client relationship,which are not addressed by other groups and publications. While the issues may arise at any point in the life cycle of a plant, they should be resolved early in the relationship to permit a clearer focus on process safety issues. Topics covered are a general discussion of contractor safety programs; EPC (engineering, procurement, construction) contractual bases and work division as they address regulatory PSM issues; subcontractor relationships; and managing contractor-client risks.

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Автор: Kaddour Najim

This book contains more than 150 problems and solutions on the control of linear continuous systems. The main definitions and theoretical tools are summarized at the beginning of each chapter, after which the reader is guided through the problems and how to solve them. The author provides coverage of the ideas behind the developments of the main PID tuning techniques, as well as presenting the proof of the Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion and giving some new results dealing with the design of root locus.

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Автор: Jean-Paul Louis

Classical synchronous motors are the most effective device to drive industrial production systems and robots with precision and rapidity. However, numerous applications require efficient controls in non-conventional situations. Firstly, this is the case with synchronous motors supplied by thyristor line-commutated inverters, or with synchronous motors with faults on one or several phases. Secondly, many drive systems use non-conventional motors such as polyphase (more than three phases) synchronous motors, synchronous motors with double excitation, permanent magnet linear synchronous motors, synchronous and switched reluctance motors, stepping motors and piezoelectric motors. This book presents efficient controls to improve the use of these non-conventional motors. Contents 1. Self-controlled Synchronous Motor: Principles of Function and Simplified Control Model, Francis Labrique and Fran?ois Baudart. 2. Self-controlled Synchronous Motor: Dynamic Model Including the Behavior of Damper Windings and Commutation Overlap, Ernest Matagne. 3. Synchronous Machines in Degraded Mode, Damien Flieller, Ngac Ky Nguyen, Herv? Schwab and Guy Sturtzer. 4. Control of the Double-star Synchronous Machine Supplied by PWM Inverters, Mohamed Fouad Benkhoris. 5. Vectorial Modeling and Control of Multiphase Machines with Non-salient Poles Supplied by an Inverter, Xavier Kestelyn and ?ric Semail. 6. Hybrid Excitation Synchronous Machines, Nicolas Patin and Lionel Vido. 7. Advanced Control of the Linear Synchronous Motor, Ghislain Remy and Pierre-Jean Barre. 8. Variable Reluctance Machines: Modeling and Control, Mickael Hilairet, Thierry Lubin and Abdelmouna?m Tounzi. 9. Control of the Stepping Motor, Bruno Robert and Moez Feki . 10. Control of Piezoelectric Actuators, Fr?d?ric Giraud and Betty Lemaire-Semail.

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Автор: Hornik Tomas

Integrating renewable energy and other distributed energy sources into smart grids, often via power inverters, is arguably the largest “new frontier” for smart grid advancements. Inverters should be controlled properly so that their integration does not jeopardize the stability and performance of power systems and a solid technical backbone is formed to facilitate other functions and services of smart grids. This unique reference offers systematic treatment of important control problems in power inverters, and different general converter theories. Starting at a basic level, it presents conventional power conversion methodologies and then ‘non-conventional’ methods, with a highly accessible summary of the latest developments in power inverters as well as insight into the grid connection of renewable power. Consisting of four parts – Power Quality Control, Neutral Line Provision, Power Flow Control, and Synchronisation – this book fully demonstrates the integration of control and power electronics. Key features include: the fundamentals of power processing and hardware design innovative control strategies to systematically treat the control of power inverters extensive experimental results for most of the control strategies presented the pioneering work on “synchronverters” which has gained IET Highly Commended Innovation Award Engineers working on inverter design and those at power system utilities can learn how advanced control strategies could improve system performance and work in practice. The book is a useful reference for researchers who are interested in the area of control engineering, power electronics, renewable energy and distributed generation, smart grids, flexible AC transmission systems, and power systems for more-electric aircraft and all-electric ships. This is also a handy text for graduate students and university professors in the areas of electrical power engineering, advanced control engineering, power electronics, renewable energy and smart grid integration.

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Автор: Suvendu Bhattacharya

Food processing technologies are an essential link in the food chain. These technologies are many and varied, changing in popularity with changing consumption patterns and product popularity. Newer process technologies are also being evolved to provide the added advantages. Conventional and Advanced Food Processing Technologies fuses the practical (application, machinery), theoretical (model, equation) and cutting-edge (recent trends), making it ideal for industrial, academic and reference use. It consists of two sections, one covering conventional or well-established existing processes and the other covering emerging or novel process technologies that are expected to be employed in the near future for the processing of foods in the commercial sector. All are examined in great detail, considering their current and future applications with added examples and the very latest data. Conventional and Advanced Food Processing Technologies is a comprehensive treatment of the current state of knowledge on food processing technology. In its extensive coverage, and the selection of reputed research scientists who have contributed to each topic, this book will be a definitive text in this field for students, food professionals and researchers.

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Автор: Stuart Walker

This book focuses largely on enabling technologies for network convergence. A principal aim is to show where parallel functions exist in fixed and mobile voice network architectures and to explain how these functions will be combined. The authors describe the components of a future converged architecture and consider the following key aspects: QoS Requirements, Proposed Solution Architectures, Protocol and Interface options, Underlying Network Issues and Security issues. The book also compares and describes initiatives from several standards bodies working to simplify to a clean architecture and a common set of protocols. The impact on a Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) network, the preferred method of transport for the core network, will be considered in detail.

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Автор: Christian Saxtoft, Dr

Convergence: User Expectations, Communications Enablers and Business Opportunities offers a user-centric and business-oriented analysis of the rapidly changing communications industry. Clear summaries of key technology areas provide the backdrop for an extensive analysis of the expectations set by users and the challenges and opportunities this presents to companies. The process of convergence is characterised by complex interactions between different technical fields, business areas and end-user relations, where traditional telecommunications services, internet-based services and media broadcast services are blending into a continuum of rich new offerings. With these changes the existing hardwired links between user services and specific industry segments are rapidly dissolving. Presents guide to end-user market trends and expectations Includes models and analysis of new industry structures and dynamics Contains comprehensive discussion of innovation as a business driver Provides wide range of references to reflect the cross-disciplinary scope of convergence Offers motivation and suggestions for refocus of key business strategies Convergence bridges the fields of business, economics, technology and social studies and analyses business models and practices from across a range of industry segments. The wide scope makes the book an ideal text for technically-minded executives, business-oriented engineers and anyone with an interest in the intricacies of the convergence triggered market changes.

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Автор: Ueno Takafumi

Sets the stage for the design and application of new protein cages Featuring contributions from a team of international experts in the coordination chemistry of biological systems, this book enables readers to understand and take advantage of the fascinating internal molecular environment of protein cages. With the aid of modern organic and polymer techniques, the authors explain step by step how to design and construct a variety of protein cages. Moreover, the authors describe current applications of protein cages, setting the foundation for the development of new applications in biology, nanotechnology, synthetic chemistry, and other disciplines. Based on a thorough review of the literature as well as the authors' own laboratory experience, Coordination Chemistry in Protein Cages Sets forth the principles of coordination reactions in natural protein cages Details the fundamental design of coordination sites of small artificial metalloproteins as the basis for protein cage design Describes the supramolecular design and assembly of protein cages for or by metal coordination Examines the latest applications of protein cages in biology and nanotechnology Describes the principles of coordination chemistry that govern self-assembly of synthetic cage-like molecules Chapters are filled with detailed figures to help readers understand the complex structure, design, and application of protein cages. Extensive references at the end of each chapter serve as a gateway to important original research studies and reviews in the field. With its detailed review of basic principles, design, and applications, Coordination Chemistry in Protein Cages is recommended for investigators working in biological inorganic chemistry, biological organic chemistry, and nanoscience.

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Автор: Cheng-Sheng Lee

The importance of copepods in aquaculture has long been recognized, especially in the larval rearing of many marine fishes. This timely publication provides a single source of information on copepod biology, culture methods and practical use in marine finfish hatcheries. Originating out of a workshop held on copepods by the Oceanic Institute in Hawaii, this proceedings includes review articles and papers presented by leading international experts in copepod biology and aquaculture. It is a seminal work that integrates the most up-to-date information on selecting copepod species, effects of algal species on reproduction, ways to increase production, the nutritional value of copepods, behavioral characteristics of copepods, potential use of copepod nauplii and eggs, and their application to larval rearing of various marine finfish species.

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Автор: Friedel Weinert

Using Copernicanism, Darwinism, and Freudianism as examples of scientific traditions, Copernicus, Darwin and Freud takes a philosophical look at these three revolutions in thought to illustrate the connections between science and philosophy. Shows how these revolutions in thought lead to philosophical consequences Provides extended case studies of Copernicanism, Darwinism, and Freudianism Integrates the history of science and the philosophy of science like no other text Covers both the philosophy of natural and social science in one volume

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Автор: Emin Arpaci

A comprehensive and substantial source of information on the properties, production, processing and applications of copper and copper alloys, of interest to metallurgical, development, design and testing engineers in the automotive and other industries using copper. The authority behind this book – the German Copper Institute – was founded in 1927 and is the technical-scientific advisory center for all questions concerning applications and the processing of copper and copper alloys in Germany. For more than 75 years, the technical scientific advisory and information service of the institute has been providing expert help free of charge. It is supported by the copper industry, the European Copper Institute (ECI) and The International Copper Association. It is competent and active in matters concerning the use of copper not only in automotive but also in all kind of industrial applications, in building construction, in electrical engineering and in questions concerning copper's importance for health.

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Автор: Edwards Victoria

Corporate property is routinely identified as the second biggest cost within a business organization after staff. Effective management of such a major asset requires a fundamental understanding of both the operation of the property markets and the operational requirements of the business occupier. This primer on strategic property management focuses on how property held as a corporate asset can be used to add value to the primary business activity of an organization. Rather than separate the needs of the business form the management of the business estate, the aim of Corporate Property Management is to enable the reader to directly support the primary business function through strategic management of corporate property, thereby adding value to the business as a whole. The book introduces a generic framework designed to assist in the analysis of any corporate property portfolio, working as a practical aid to decision making. The book is structured around this framework, providing a detailed review of its application and uses. This is then developed further through extensive use of five in-depth case studies that covers a wide variety of property types and property users – Borders bookshops; Cancer Research high street shops; The Youth Hostel Association; Clifford Chance’s move to Canary Wharf and the Ardtornish Rural Estate in Scotland.

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