общая химия (страница 12)

Автор: Costas D. Maranas

Provides a tutorial on the computational tools that use mathematical optimization concepts and representations for the curation, analysis and redesign of metabolic networks Organizes, for the first time, the fundamentals of mathematical optimization in the context of metabolic network analysis Reviews the fundamentals of different classes of optimization problems including LP, MILP, MLP and MINLP Explains the most efficient ways of formulating a biological problem using mathematical optimization Reviews a variety of relevant problems in metabolic network curation, analysis and redesign with an emphasis on details of optimization formulations Provides a detailed treatment of bilevel optimization techniques for computational strain design and other relevant problems

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Автор: Werner Schmidt

This book is a compact and simultaneously comprehensive introduction to the theory and practice of optical spectroscopy. The author skillfully leads the reader from the basics to practical applications. The main topics covered are: – theory of optical spectroscopy – components of spectrometers (light sources, filters, lenses and mirror chromators, detectors, cuvettes) – evaluation of data and interpretation of spectra Such important methods as absorption and luminescence spectroscopy, scattering and reflection spectroscopy and photoaccustic spectroscopy are covered in depth. A useful appendix with the addresses of pertinent equipment manufacturers rounds off the work. Easy to understand and well illustrated, this book is suitable both as a textbook for beginners and as a reference work for the practitioner.

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Автор: Thomas A. Albright

Explains the underlying structure that unites all disciplines in chemistry Now in its second edition, this book explores organic, organometallic, inorganic, solid state, and materials chemistry, demonstrating how common molecular orbital situations arise throughout the whole chemical spectrum. The authors explore the relationships that enable readers to grasp the theory that underlies and connects traditional fields of study within chemistry, thereby providing a conceptual framework with which to think about chemical structure and reactivity problems. Orbital Interactions in Chemistry begins by developing models and reviewing molecular orbital theory. Next, the book explores orbitals in the organic-main group as well as in solids. Lastly, the book examines orbital interaction patterns that occur in inorganic–organometallic fields as well as cluster chemistry, surface chemistry, and magnetism in solids. This Second Edition has been thoroughly revised and updated with new discoveries and computational tools since the publication of the first edition more than twenty-five years ago. Among the new content, readers will find: Two new chapters dedicated to surface science and magnetic properties Additional examples of quantum calculations, focusing on inorganic and organometallic chemistry Expanded treatment of group theory New results from photoelectron spectroscopy Each section ends with a set of problems, enabling readers to test their grasp of new concepts as they progress through the text. Solutions are available on the book's ftp site. Orbital Interactions in Chemistry is written for both researchers and students in organic, inorganic, solid state, materials, and computational chemistry. All readers will discover the underlying structure that unites all disciplines in chemistry.

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Автор: Dongyuan Zhao

Mesoporous materials are a class of molecules with a large and uniform pore size, highly regular nanopores, and a large surface area. This book is devoted to all aspects and types of these materials and describes, in an in-depth and systematic manner, the step-by-step synthesis and its mechanism, as well as the characterization, morphology control, hybridization, and applications, of mesoporous molecular sieves. In so doing, it covers silicates, metal-doped silicates, nonsilicates, and organic-inorganic hybrids. Although the emphasis is on synthesis, the expert authors also discuss characterization and applications, ranging from catalysis and biochemistry to optics and the use of these materials as templates for nanomaterial synthesis. Both the fundamentals and the latest research results are covered, ensuring that this monograph serves as a reference for researchers in and newcomers to the field.

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Автор: Michael Higgins C

The first reference on this emerging interdisciplinary research area at the interface between materials science and biomedicine is written by pioneers in the field, who address the requirements, current status and future challenges. Focusing on inherently conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes and graphene, they adopt a systematic approach, covering all relevant aspects and concepts: synthesis and fabrication, properties, introduction of biological function, components of bionic devices and materials requirements. Established bionic devices, such as the bionic ear are examined, as are emerging areas of application, including use of organic bionic materials as conduits for bone re-growth, spinal cord injury repair and muscle regeneration. The whole is rounded off with a look at future prospects in sustainable energy generation and storage. Invaluable reading for materials scientists, polymer chemists, electrotechnicians, chemists, biologists, and bioengineers.

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Автор: Kendall N. Houk

Provides the background, tools, and models required to understand organic synthesis and plan chemical reactions more efficiently Knowledge of physical chemistry is essential for achieving successful chemical reactions in organic chemistry. Chemists must be competent in a range of areas to understand organic synthesis. Organic Chemistry provides the methods, models, and tools necessary to fully comprehend organic reactions. Written by two internationally recognized experts in the field, this much-needed textbook fills a gap in current literature on physical organic chemistry. Rigorous yet straightforward chapters first examine chemical equilibria, thermodynamics, reaction rates and mechanisms, and molecular orbital theory, providing readers with a strong foundation in physical organic chemistry. Subsequent chapters demonstrate various reactions involving organic, organometallic, and biochemical reactants and catalysts. Throughout the text, numerous questions and exercises, over 800 in total, help readers strengthen their comprehension of the subject and highlight key points of learning. The companion Organic Chemistry Workbook contains complete references and answers to every question in this text. A much-needed resource for students and working chemists alike, this text: -Presents models that establish if a reaction is possible, estimate how long it will take, and determine its properties -Describes reactions with broad practical value in synthesis and biology, such as C-C-coupling reactions, pericyclic reactions, and catalytic reactions -Enables readers to plan chemical reactions more efficiently -Features clear illustrations, figures, and tables -With a Foreword by Nobel Prize Laureate Robert H. Grubbs Organic Chemistry: Theory, Reactivity, and Mechanisms in Modern Synthesis is an ideal textbook for students and instructors of chemistry, and a valuable work of reference for organic chemists, physical chemists, and chemical engineers.

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Автор: Группа авторов

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Автор: Tohru Nishinaga

Providing a thorough overview of leading research from internationally-recognized contributing authors, this book describes methods for the preparation and application of redox systems for organic electronic materials like transistors, photovoltaics, and batteries. • Covers bond formation and cleavage, supramolecular systems, molecular design, and synthesis and properties • Addresses preparative methods, unique structural features, physical properties, and material applications of redox active p-conjugated systems • Offers a useful guide for both academic and industrial chemists involved with organic electronic materials • Focuses on the transition-metal-free redox systems composed of organic and organo main group compounds

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Автор: Tom Forrest

Spectroscopy is used in physical and analytical chemistry for the identification of substances through the spectrum emitted from or absorbed by them. The derivation of structural information from spectroscopic data is now an integral part of many courses in chemistry and related subjects at most universities. This workbook: Features exercises to help develop the student's understanding of how structures are determined from spectra and to promote the student's own interpretation of different spectra. Covers a large range of spectroscopic data, including mass spectrometry, infrared and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, typically used in the routine analysis of small-sized organic molecules. Presents in full-color, in a workbook-friendly format the spectra for interpretation with explanations and analyses on the facing page. Related to the workbook the authors have an online resource of the problems featured in the workbook, available at: htttp://spectros.unice.fr/ By using the print edition alongside the online spectra, students will be able to enhance their understanding of the interpretation of multiple spectra.

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Автор: H. L. Li

The derivation of structural information from spectroscopic data is now an integral part of organic chemistry courses at all Universities. Over recent years, a number of powerful two-dimensional NMR techniques (e.g. HSQC, HMBC, TOCSY, COSY and NOESY) have been developed and these have vastly expanded the amount of structural information that can be obtained by NMR spectroscopy. Improvements in NMR instrumentation now mean that 2D NMR spectra are routinely (and sometimes automatically) acquired during the identification and characterisation of organic compounds. Organic Structures from 2D NMR Spectra is a carefully chosen set of more than 60 structural problems employing 2D-NMR spectroscopy. The problems are graded to develop and consolidate a student’s understanding of 2D NMR spectroscopy. There are many easy problems at the beginning of the collection, to build confidence and demonstrate the basic principles from which structural information can be extracted using 2D NMR. The accompanying text is very descriptive and focussed on explaining the underlying theory at the most appropriate level to sufficiently tackle the problems. Organic Structures from 2D NMR Spectra Is a graded series of about 60 problems in 2D NMR spectroscopy that assumes a basic knowledge of organic chemistry and a basic knowledge of one-dimensional NMR spectroscopy Incorporates the basic theory behind 2D NMR and those common 2D NMR experiments that have proved most useful in solving structural problems in organic chemistry Focuses on the most common 2D NMR techniques – including COSY, NOESY, HMBC, TOCSY, CH-Correlation and multiplicity-edited C-H Correlation. Incorporates several examples containing the heteronuclei 31P, 15N and 19F Organic Structures from 2D NMR Spectra is a logical follow-on from the highly successful “Organic Structures from Spectra” which is now in its fifth edition. The book will be invaluable for students of Chemistry, Pharmacy, Biochemistry and those taking courses in Organic Chemistry. Also available: Instructors Guide and Solutions Manual to Organic Structures from 2D NMR Spectra

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Автор: Mogens Br?ndsted Nielsen

The theory, methods, and practices needed to build molecules and supramolecular systems Using a synthetic approach to organic materials chemistry, this book sets forth tested and proven methods and practices that make it possible to engineer organic molecules offering special properties and functions. Throughout the book, plenty of real-world examples demonstrate the countless possibilities of creating one-of-a-kind molecules and supramolecular systems to support a broad range of applications. The book explores applications in both materials and bioorganic chemistry, including molecular electronics, energy storage, sensors, nanomedicine, and enzyme engineering. Organic Synthesis and Molecular Engineering consists of fourteen chapters, each one contributed by one or more leading international experts in the field. The contributions are based on a thorough review and analysis of the current literature as well as the authors' firsthand experience in the lab engineering new organic molecules. Designed as a practical lab reference, the book offers: Tested and proven synthetic approaches to organic materials chemistry Methods and practices to successfully engineer functionality into organic molecules Explanations of the principles and concepts underlying self-assembly and supramolecular chemistry Guidance in selecting appropriate structural units used in the design and synthesis of functional molecules and materials Coverage of the full range of applications in materials and bioorganic chemistry A full chapter on graphene, a new topic generating intense research Organic Synthesis and Molecular Engineering begins with core concepts, molecular building blocks, and synthetic tools. Next, it explores molecular electronics, supramolecular chemistry and self-assembly, graphene, and photoresponsive materials engineering. In short, it offers everything researchers need to fully grasp the underlying theory and then build new molecules and supramolecular systems.

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Автор: Dominic Smith

Paediatrics at a Glance provides an introduction to paediatrics and the problems encountered in child health as they present in primary, community and secondary care, from birth through to adolescence. Thoroughly updated to reflect changes in understanding of childhood illness over the last 5 years, the 4th edition of this best-selling textbook diagrammatically summarises the main differential diagnoses for each presenting symptom, while accompanying text covers important disorders and conditions as well as management information. Paediatrics at a Glance: • Is an accessible, user-friendly guide to the entire paediatric curriculum • Features expanded coverage of psychological issues and ethics in child health • Includes more on advances in genetics, screening and therapy of childhood illness • Contains new videos of procedures and concepts on the companion website • Includes a brand new chapter on Palliative Care – an emerging area in the specialty • Features full colour artwork throughout • Includes a companion website at www.ataglanceseries.com/paediatrics featuring interactive self-assessment case studies, MCQs, videos of the procedures and concepts covered in the book, and links to online resources Paediatrics at a Glance is the ideal companion for anyone about to start a paediatric attachment or module and will appeal to medical students, junior doctors and GP trainees as well as nursing students and other health professionals.

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Автор: Группа авторов

This new edition of the comprehensive and renowned textbook Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine offers a fully revised and updated review of geriatric medicine. It covers the full spectrum of the subject, features 41 new chapters, and provides up-to-date, evidence-based, and practical information about the varied medical problems of ageing citizens. The three editors, from UK, USA and France, have ensured that updated chapters provide a global perspective of geriatric medicine, as well as reflect the changes in treatment options and medical conditions which have emerged since publication of the 4th edition in 2006. The book includes expanded sections on acute stroke, dementia, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory diseases, and features a new section on end-of-life care. In the tradition of previous editions, this all-encompassing text continues to be a must-have text for all clinicians who deal with older people, particularly geriatric medical specialists, gerontologists, researchers, and general practitioners. This title is also available as a mobile App from MedHand Mobile Libraries. Buy it now from Google Play or the MedHand Store. Praise for the 4th edition: «…an excellent reference for learners at all clinical and preclinical levels and a useful contribution to the geriatric medical literature.» —Journal of the American Medical Association, November 2006 5th edition selected for 2012 Edition of Doody's Core Titles™

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Автор: Группа авторов

Since the first edition in 1948, Patty’s Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology has become a flagship publication for Wiley. During its nearly seven decades in print, it has become a standard reference for the fields of occupational health and toxicology. The volumes on industrial hygiene are cornerstone reference works for not only industrial hygienists but also chemists, engineers, toxicologists, lawyers, and occupational safety personnel. Volume 1 covers Introduction of Industrial Hygiene and Recognition of Chemical Agents. In addition to revised and updated chapters, a number of new chapters reflect current technology and concerns. The chapters include Ethics in Industrial Hygiene, Prevention through Design, Risk Communication, Managing Workplace Demographics, and Mastering Digital Media for Workers, Employers and Community Practice.

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Автор: Группа авторов

Since the first edition in 1948, Patty’s Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology has become a flagship publication for Wiley. During its nearly seven decades in print, it has become a standard reference for the fields of occupational health and toxicology. The volumes on industrial hygiene are cornerstone reference works for not only industrial hygienists but also chemists, engineers, toxicologists, lawyers, and occupational safety personnel. Volume 3 covers Recognition and Evaluation of Physical Agents and Biohazards. All of the chapters have been updated and a new chapter on Robotics has been added. These subjects are increasing in importance to industrial hygienists.

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Автор: Группа авторов

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Автор: Группа авторов

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Автор: Группа авторов

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Автор: Ken Chen

This book is devoted to the most used methodologies for performance evaluation: simulation using specialized software and mathematical modeling. An important part is dedicated to the simulation, particularly in its theoretical framework and the precautions to be taken in the implementation of the experimental procedure. These principles are illustrated by concrete examples achieved through operational simulation languages (OMNeT ++, OPNET). Presented under the complementary approach, the mathematical method is essential for the simulation. Both methodologies based largely on the theory of probability and statistics in general and particularly Markov processes, a reminder of the basic results is also available.

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Автор: Группа авторов

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Автор: Vladislav Kireev

In the book “Petrochemistry & Green Planet: Pipe Dream or Reality?”, we will delve into the intricate world of the petrochemical industry, examining its significance in today’s society and its environmental impact.

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Автор: Группа авторов

A comprehensive introduction for scientists engaged in new drug development, analysis, and approvals Each year the pharmaceutical industry worldwide recruits thousands of recent science graduates—especially chemistry, analytical chemistry, pharmacy, and pharmaceutical majors—into its ranks. However, because of their limited background in pharmaceutical analysis most of those new recruits find making the transition from academia to industry very difficult. Designed to assist both recent graduates, as well as experienced chemists or scientists with limited regulatory, compendial or pharmaceutical analysis background, make that transition, Pharmaceutical Analysis for Small Molecules is a concise, yet comprehensive introduction to the drug development process and analysis of chemically synthesized, small molecule drugs. It features contributions by distinguished experts in the field, including editor and author, Dr. Behnam Davani, an analytical chemist with decades of technical management and teaching experience in compendial, regulatory, and industry. This book provides an introduction to pharmaceutical analysis for small molecules (non-biologics) using commonly used techniques for drug characterization and performance tests. The driving force for industry to perform pharmaceutical analyses is submission of such data and supporting documents to regulatory bodies for drug approval in order to market their products. In addition, related required supporting studies including good laboratory/documentation practices including analytical instrument qualification are highlighted in this book. Topics covered include: Drug Approval Process and Regulatory Requirements (private standards) Pharmacopeias and Compendial Approval Process (public standards) Common methods in pharmaceutical analysis (typically compendial) Common Calculations for assays and impurities and other specific tests Analytical Method Validation, Verification, Transfer Specifications including how to handle out of specification (OOS) and out of trend (OOT) Impurities including organic, inorganic, residual solvents and elemental impurities Good Documentation Practices for regulatory environment Management of Analytical Laboratories Analytical Instrument Qualifications including IQ, OQ, PQ and VQ Due to global nature of pharmaceutical industry, other topics on both regulatory (ICH) and Compendial harmonization are also highlighted. Pharmaceutical Analysis for Small Molecules is a valuable working resource for scientists directly or indirectly involved with the drug development process, including analytical chemists, pharmaceutical scientists, pharmacists, and quality control/quality assurance professionals. It also is an excellent text/reference for graduate students in analytical chemistry, pharmacy, pharmaceutical and regulatory sciences.

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Автор: Группа авторов

Pharmaceutical Emulsions: A Drug Developer's Toolbag covers all the key aspects of pharmaceutical emulsions, starting from the fundamental scientific basics, to the pharmaceutical forms and the chemical tests for its application. The author uses his extensive experience in both industry and academic experience to provide a concise, student friendly guide to the essential fundamentals of physical pharmacy. Divided into three clear sections, the text begins with Section A – Consideration for Product: Medicinal Formulation which includes a historical perspective, explanation of what is an emulsion, stability and instability, and manufacture. Section B – Forms, Use and Application follows, with chapters on creams and ointments, pastes and bases, colloids, transdermal, gels and implants. The final Section, Tests: Chemistry to control the quality, efficacy and fitness for purpose of the product includes chapters on physic-chemical properties, sizing and microscopy, rheology, QC and finally questions, calculations and dilemmas. Throughout the text there are numerous figures, diagrams and tables to engage the reader. This is an invaluable reference for all students of pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacy industrial pharmaceutical sciences, physical pharmacy and pharmaceutical forms as well as industry professionals

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Автор: Michael Rieth

In seinem Buch zur pharmazeutischen Mikrobiologie geht Michael Rieth, promovierter Mikrobiologe mit langjahriger Erfahrung in mikrobiologischer Qualitatsprufung in der pharmazeutischen Industrie, auf alle Aspekte dieses fur die Pharmaproduktion unentbehrlichen Gebietes ein. Schwerpunkte sind Methoden der Qualitatskontrolle, das Umgebungsmonitoring in der Pharma- und Chemieproduktion sowie die Betriebshygiene. Der Fokus liegt auf bakteriologischen Verfahren einschlie?lich der mikrobiologischen Schnellmethoden; daneben werden aber auch Zellkulturmethoden und Tiermodelle behandelt. Fur die zweite Auflage wurden unter anderem die Themen «Low Endotoxin Recovery» und Maskierung / Demaskierung von Endotoxinen neu aufgenommen. Wo immer moglich, werden die Bezuge zu den neuesten Ausgaben der europaischen und US-amerikanischen Arzneibucher hergestellt.

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Автор: Dieter W?hrle

Kompakt, interdiziplin?r, praxisorientiert – so pr?sentiert sich dieses facettenreiche Lehrbuch der Photochemie. Das gut strukturierte und sehr verstandlich geschriebene Werk macht den Leser mit allen bedeutenden photochemischen Prozessen vertraut.

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Автор: Группа авторов

Written by renowned experts in the field of photon management in solar cells, this one-stop reference gives an introduction to the physics of light management in solar cells, and discusses the different concepts and methods of applying photon management. The authors cover the physics, principles, concepts, technologies, and methods used, explaining how to increase the efficiency of solar cells by splitting or modifying the solar spectrum before they absorb the sunlight. In so doing, they present novel concepts and materials allowing for the cheaper, more flexible manufacture of solar cells and systems. For educational purposes, the authors have split the reasons for photon management into spatial and spectral light management. Bridging the gap between the photonics and the photovoltaics communities, this is an invaluable reference for materials scientists, physicists in industry, experimental physicists, lecturers in physics, Ph.D. students in physics and material sciences, engineers in power technology, applied and surface physicists.

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Автор: Kurt W. Kolasinski

Much of chemistry is motivated by asking 'How'? How do I make a primary alcohol? React a Grignard reagent with formaldehyde. Physical chemistry is motivated by asking 'Why'? The Grignard reagent and formaldehyde follow a molecular dance known as a reaction mechanism in which stronger bonds are made at the expense of weaker bonds. If you are interested in asking 'why' and not just 'how', then you need to understand physical chemistry. Physical Chemistry: How Chemistry Works takes a fresh approach to teaching in physical chemistry. This modern textbook is designed to excite and engage undergraduate chemistry students and prepare them for how they will employ physical chemistry in real life. The student-friendly approach and practical, contemporary examples facilitate an understanding of the physical chemical aspects of any system, allowing students of inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, analytical chemistry and biochemistry to be fluent in the essentials of physical chemistry in order to understand synthesis, intermolecular interactions and materials properties. For students who are deeply interested in the subject of physical chemistry, the textbook facilitates further study by connecting them to the frontiers of research. Provides students with the physical and mathematical machinery to understand the physical chemical aspects of any system. Integrates regular examples drawn from the literature, from contemporary issues and research, to engage students with relevant and illustrative details. Important topics are introduced and returned to in later chapters: key concepts are reinforced and discussed in more depth as students acquire more tools. Chapters begin with a preview of important concepts and conclude with a summary of important equations. Each chapter includes worked examples and exercises: discussion questions, simple equation manipulation questions, and problem-solving exercises. Accompanied by supplementary online material: worked examples for students and a solutions manual for instructors. Written by an experienced instructor, researcher and author in physical chemistry, with a voice and perspective that is pedagogical and engaging.

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Автор: Marie-Genevi?ve Barth?s-Labrousse

The first part of this book looks at the consequence of chemical and topological defects existing on real surfaces, which explain the wettability of super hydrophilc and super hydrophobic surfaces. There follows an in-depth analysis of the acido-basicity of surfaces with, as an illustration, different wettability experiments on real materials. The next chapter deals with various techniques enabling the measurement of acido basicity of the surfaces including IR and XPS technics. The last part of the book presents an electrochemical point of view which explains the surface charges of the oxide at contact with water or other electrolyte solutions in the frame of Bronsted acido-basicity concept. Various consequences are deduced from such analyses illustrated by original measurement of the point of zero charge or by understanding the basic principles of the electrowetting experiments.

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Автор: Peter W. Atkins

Das unverzichtbare, umfassende Lehrbuch der Physikalischen Chemie! Der «gro?e Atkins» ist und bleibt ein Muss f?r alle Studierenden, die sich ernsthaft mit der Physikalischen Chemie auseinandersetzen. In unverwechselbarem Stil deckt Peter Atkins mit seinen Koautoren Julio de Paula und James Keeler die gesamte Bandbreite dieses faszinierenden und herausfordernden Fachs ab. In der neuen, sechsten Auflage ist der Inhalt modular aufbereitet, um so das Lernen noch strukturierter und zielgerichteter gestalten zu k?nnen. Wie immer beim «Atkins» gehen Anschaulichkeit und mathematische Durchdringung des Stoffes Hand in Hand. Und nat?rlich kommt der Bezug zu den Anwendungen der Physikalischen Chemie und ihrer Bedeutung f?r andere Fachgebiete nie zu kurz. * Jeder Abschnitt stellt explizit Motivation, Schl?sselideen und Voraussetzungen heraus * Durchgerechnete Beispiele, Selbsttests und Zusammenfassungen der Schl?sselkonzepte erleichtern Lernen und Wiederholen * K?sten mit Hinweisen zur korrekten Verwendung von Fachsprache und chemischer Konzepte helfen dabei, typische Fehler und Fehlvorstellungen zu vermeiden * Herleitungen von Gleichungen erfolgen in separaten Toolkits, um das Nachschlagen und Nachvollziehen zu erleichtern * Diskussionsfragen, leichte Aufgaben, schwerere Aufgaben, und abschnitts?bergreifende Aufgaben in umfangreichen ?bungsteilen an den Abschnittsenden * Das Arbeitsbuch ist separat erh?ltlich und mit dem Lehrbuch im Set Zusatzmaterial f?r Dozentinnen und Dozenten erh?ltlich unter www.wiley-vch.de/textbooks

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Автор: Peter W. Atkins

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Автор: David Smith

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Автор: Группа авторов

Focused on basics and processes, this textbook teaches plant biology and agriculture applications with summary and discussion questions in each chapter. Updates each chapter to reflect advances / changes since the first edition, for example: new biotechnology tools and advances, genomics and systems biology, intellectual property issues on DNA and patents, discussion of synthetic biology tools Features autobiographical essays from eminent scientists, providing insight into plant biotechnology and careers Has a companion website with color images from the book and PowerPoint slides Links with author's own website that contains teaching slides and graphics for professors and students: plantsciences.utk.edu/pbg/

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Автор: Группа авторов

Biodegradable polymers have experienced a growing interest in recent years for applications in packaging, agriculture, automotive, medicine, and other areas. One of the drivers for this development is the great quantity of synthetic plastic discarded improperly in the environment. Therefore, R&D in industry and in academic research centers, search for materials that are reprocessable and biodegradable. This unique book comprises 12 chapters written by subject specialists and is a state-of-the-art look at all types of polyethylene-based biocomposites and bionanocomposites. It includes deep discussion on the preparation, characterisation and applications of composites and nanocomposites of polyethylene-based biomaterials such as cellulose, chitin, starch, soy protein, PLA, casein, hemicellulose, PHA and bacterial cellulose.

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Автор: Группа авторов

Highlighting dynamic developments in polymer synthesis, this book focuses on the chemical techniques to synthesize and characterize biomedically relevant polymers and macromolecules. • Aids researchers developing polymers and materials for biomedical applications • Describes biopolymers from a synthetic perspective, which other similar books do not do • Covers areas that include: cationically-charged macromolecules, pseudo-peptides, polydrugs and prodrugs, controlled radical polymerization, self-assembly, polycondensates, and polymers for surface modification

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Автор: Группа авторов

Practical approaches to ensure that analytical methods and instruments meet GMP standards and requirements Complementing the authors' first book, Analytical Method Validation and Instrument Performance Verification, this new volume provides coverage of more advanced topics, focusing on additional and supplemental methods, instruments, and electronic systems that are used in pharmaceutical, biopharmaceutical, and clinical testing. Readers will gain new and valuable insights that enable them to avoid common pitfalls in order to seamlessly conduct analytical method validation as well as instrument operation qualification and performance verification. Part 1, Method Validation, begins with an overview of the book's risk-based approach to phase appropriate validation and instrument qualification; it then focuses on the strategies and requirements for early phase drug development, including validation of specific techniques and functions such as process analytical technology, cleaning validation, and validation of laboratory information management systems Part 2, Instrument Performance Verification, explores the underlying principles and techniques for verifying instrument performance—coverage includes analytical instruments that are increasingly important to the pharmaceutical industry, such as NIR spectrometers and particle size analyzers—and offers readers a variety of alternative approaches for the successful verification of instrument performance based on the needs of their labs At the end of each chapter, the authors examine important practical problems and share their solutions. All the methods covered in this book follow Good Analytical Practices (GAP) to ensure that reliable data are generated in compliance with current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP). Analysts, scientists, engineers, technologists, and technical managers should turn to this book to ensure that analytical methods and instruments are accurate and meet GMP standards and requirements.

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Автор: Kye-Si Kwon

For both students and engineers in R&D, this book explains machine vision in a concise, hands-on way, using the Vision Development Module of the LabView software by National Instruments. Following a short introduction to the basics of machine vision and the technical procedures of image acquisition, the book goes on to guide readers in the use of the various software functions of LabView's machine vision module. It covers typical machine vision tasks, including particle analysis, edge detection, pattern and shape matching, dimension measurements as well as optical character recognition, enabling readers to quickly and efficiently use these functions for their own machine vision applications. A discussion of the concepts involved in programming the Vision Development Module rounds off the book, while example problems and exercises are included for training purposes as well as to further explain the concept of machine vision. With its step-by-step guide and clear structure, this is an essential reference for beginners and experienced researchers alike.

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Автор: John R. Dean

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Автор: Matheus C. Carvalho

By closing the gap between general programming books and those on laboratory automation, this timely book makes accessible to every laboratory technician or scientist what has traditionally been restricted to highly specialized professionals. Following the idea of «learning by doing», the book provides an introduction to scripting using AutoIt, with many workable examples based on real-world scenarios. A large portion of the book tackles the traditionally hard problem of instrument synchronization, including remote, web-based synchronization. Automated result processing, database operation, and creation of graphical user interfaces are also examined. Readers of this book can immediately profit from the new knowledge in terms of both increased efficiency and reduced costs in laboratory operation. Above all, laboratory technicians and scientists will learn that they are free to choose whatever equipment they desire when configuring an automated analytical setup, regardless of manufacturers suggested specifications.

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Автор: George P. Nassos

The guide to sustainable strategies and tools to improve competitive business advantage, updated with practical case studies and supporting teaching material The revised and updated second edition of Practical Sustainability Strategies is filled with proven strategies and tools for organizations to integrate sustainability into their business models. Drawing on the authors’ research and years of hands-on experience, the book defines strategies that organizations can put in place to develop, extend, or maintain competitive advantage without harming the environment. Additionally, the authors provide tools for measuring and reporting progress and present illustrative case studies that clearly demonstrate the importance of implementing sustainability. Since the first edition was published in 2013, new strategies, measurements, and certifications have been developed. The book, which is used by several business schools around the globe, has been updated to include these new and effective strategies, including circular economy, the sharing economy, adaptation, resiliency, and strategies to fight climate change. This new edition also highlights the UN Sustainable Development Goals that have been adopted worldwide. This updated second edition: Covers new strategies, measuring systems, GRI, STARS and B-Lab certifications Offers teaching slides and questions for use in the classroom Explores the principles and importance of sustainability Examines more than 10 different sustainability strategies Presents the economic justification for sustainability with illustrative examples Written for sustainability managers, ESG professionals, engineers, process designers, policy makers, CEOs, business schools, and others, the second edition of Practical Sustainability Strategies offers an updated guide to the most recent strategies and tools that can be put into place to improve competitive advantage, while also providing a positive impact to the community and workplace.

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Автор: Группа авторов

Principles in Microbiome Engineering Provides an overview of the techniques and applications insight into the complex composition and interactions of microbiomes Microbiomes, the communities of microorganisms that inhabit specific ecosystems or organisms, can be engineered to modify the structure of microbiota and reestablish ecological balance. In recent years, a better understanding of microbial composition and host-microbe interactions has led to the development of new applications for improving human health and increasing agricultural productivity and quality. Principles in Microbiome Engineering introduces readers to the tools and applications involved in manipulating the composition of a microbial community to improve the function of an eco-system. Covering a range of key topics, this up-to-date volume discusses current research in areas such as microbiome-based therapeutics for human diseases, crop plant breeding, animal husbandry, soil engineering, food and beverage applications, and more. Divided into three sections, the text first describes the critical roles of systems biology, synthetic biology, computer modelling, and machine learning in microbiome engineering. Next, the volume explores various state-of-the-art applications, including cancer immunotherapy and prevention of diseases associated with the human microbiome, followed by a concluding section offering perspectives on the future of microbiome engineering and potential applications. Introduces a variety of applications of microbiome engineering in the fields of medicine, agriculture, and food and beverage products Presents current research into the complex interactions and relationships between microbiomes and biotic and abiotic elements of their environments Examines the use of technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Big Data analytics to advance understanding of microbiomes Discusses the engineering of microbiomes to address human health conditions such as neuro psychiatric disorders and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases Edited and authored by leading researchers in the rapidly evolving field, Principles in Microbiome Engineering is an essential resource for biotechnologists, biochemists, microbiologists, pharmacologists, and practitioners working in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries.

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Автор: Brian W. Pfennig

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Based on the '240' Conference held at the University of Chicago in September of 2012, this special volume of The Advances in Chemical Physics series celebrates scientific research contributions and careers of R. Stephen Berry, Stuart A. Rice and Joshua Jortner. In addition to continuing the chemical physics field with a forum for critical, authoritative evaluations of advances in the discipline, Volume 157 explores the following topics: The Emergence and Breakdown of Complexity Dynamics at Extremes Grand Questions Regarding Biomolecular Homochirality in the Origin and Evolution of Life The book: celebrates the scientific research contributions and careers of R. Stephen Berry, Stuart A. Rice and Joshua Jortner contributes to the only series available that presents the cutting edge of research in chemical physics includes contributions from experts in this field of research structured with an editorial framework that makes the book an excellent supplement to an advanced graduate class in physical chemistry or chemical physics

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Contains 32 papers from the following seven 2013 Materials Science and Technology (MS&T'13) symposia: Innovative Processing and Synthesis of Ceramics, Glasses and Composites Advances in Ceramic Matrix Composites Advanced Materials for Harsh Environments Advances in Dielectric Materials and Electronic Devices Controlled Synthesis, Processing, and Applications of Structure and Functional Nanomaterials Rustum Roy Memorial Symposium: Processing and Performance of Materials Using Microwaves, Electric and Magnetic Fields, Ultrasound, Lasers, and Mechanical Work Solution Based Processing for Ceramic Materials

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This topical reference and handbook addresses the chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and the patentability of prodrugs, perfectly mirroring the integrated approach prevalent in today's drug design. It summarizes current experiences and strategies for the rational design of prodrugs, beginning at the early stages of the development process, as well as discussing organ- and site-selective prodrugs. Every company employing medicinal chemists will be interested in this practice-oriented overview of a key strategy in modern drug discovery and development.

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Автор: Melanie Jasper

This essential text brings together in one place the inextricably linked concepts of professional development, reflective practice and decision-making. Fully updated and revised throughout, the new edition of this easy-to-follow, jargon-free title is targeted at nursing and healthcare practitioners and nursing students, providing clear guidance to help the reader think critically about their practice, work within professional boundaries, be accountable for their actions, and plan for their future.

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This series provides inorganic chemists and materials scientists with a forum for critical, authoritative evaluations of advances in every area of the discipline. Volume 58 continues to report recent advances with a significant, up-to-date selection of contributions by internationally-recognized researchers. The chapters of this volume are devoted to the following topics: • Tris(dithiolene) Chemistry: A Golden Jubilee • How to find an HNO needle in a (bio)-chemical Haystack • Photoactive Metal Nitrosyl and Carbonyl Complexes Derived from Designed Auxiliary Ligands: An Emerging Class of Photochemotherapeutics • Metal–Metal Bond-Containing Complexes as Catalysts for C–H Functionalization Iron Catalysis in Synthetic Chemistry • Reactive Transition Metal Nitride Complexes Suitable for inorganic chemists and materials scientists in academia, government, and industries including pharmaceutical, fine chemical, biotech, and agricultural.

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Protein carbonylation has attracted the interest of a great number of laboratories since the pioneering studies at the Earl Stadtman’s lab at NIH started in early 1980s. Since then, detecting protein carbonyls in oxidative stress situations became a highly efficient tool to uncover biomarkers of oxidative damage in normal and altered cell physiology. In this book, research groups from several areas of interest have contributed to update the knowledge regarding detection, analyses and identification of carbonylated proteins and the sites where these modifications occur. The scientific community will benefit from these reviews since they deal with specific, detailed technical approaches to study formation and detection of protein carbonyls. Moreover, the biological impact of such modifications in metabolic, physiologic and structural functions and, how these alterations can help understanding the downstream effects on cell function are discussed. Oxidative stress occurs in all living organisms and affects proteins and other macromolecules: Protein carbonylation is a measure of oxidative stress in biological systems Mass spectrometry, fluorescent labelling, antibody based detection, biotinylated protein selection and other methods for detecting protein carbonyls and modification sites in proteins are described Aging, neurodegenerative diseases, obstructive pulmonary diseases, malaria, cigarette smoke, adipose tissue and its relationship with protein carbonylation Direct oxidation, glycoxidation and modifications by lipid peroxidation products as protein carbonylation pathways Emerging methods for characterizing carbonylated protein networks and affected metabolic pathways

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Автор: Brian Henderson

The past 25 years has seen the emergence of a wealth of data suggesting that novel biological functions of known proteins play important roles in biology and medicine. This ability of proteins to exhibit more than one unique biological activity is known as protein moonlighting. Moonlighting proteins can exhibit novel biological functions, thus extending the function of the proteome, and are also implicated in the pathology of a growing number of idiopathic and infectious diseases. This book, written by a cell biologist, protein evolutionary biologist and protein bioinformatician, brings together the latest information on the structure, evolution and biological function of the growing numbers of moonlighting proteins that have been identified, and their roles in human health and disease. This information is revealing the enormous importance protein moonlighting plays in the maintenance of human health and in the induction of disease pathology. Protein Moonlighting in Biology and Medicine will be of interest to a general readership in the biological and biomedical research community.

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Автор: Geoff Tuff

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Автор: Max Diem

Schl?gt die Br?cke zwischen Quantentheorie und Spektroskopie! Spektroskopie ist das Arbeitspferd zur Struktur- und Eigenschaftsaufkl?rung von Molek?len und Werkstoffen. Um die verschiedenen spektroskopischen Methoden verstehen, kompetent anwenden und die Ergebnisse interpretieren zu k?nnen, ist grundlegendes Wissen der Quantenmechanik erforderlich: Konzepte wie station?re Zust?nde, erlaubte und verbotene ?berg?nge, Elektronenspin und Elektron-Elektron-, Elektron-Photon- und Elektron-Phonon-Wechselwirkung sind die Grundlagen jeglicher spektroskopischen Methode. Quantenmechanische Grundlagen der Molek?lspektroskopie f?hrt ein in die quantenmechanischen Grundlagen der Molek?lspektroskopie, geschrieben vom Standpunkt eines erfahrenen Anwenders spektroskopischer Methoden. Das Lehrbuch vermittelt das notwendige Hintergrundwissen, um Spektroskopie zu verstehen: Energie-Eigenzust?nde, ?berg?nge zwischen diesen Zust?nden, Auswahlregeln und Symmetrie. Zahlreiche Spektroskopiearten werden diskutiert, etwa Fluoreszenz-, Oberfl?chen-, Raman-, IR- und Spin-Spektroskopie. * Perfekte Balance: ausreichend Physik und Mathematik, um Spektroskopie zu verstehen, ohne die Leserinnen und Leser mit unn?tigem Formalismus zu ?berfrachten * Relevantes Thema: spektroskopische Methoden werden in allen Bereichen der Chemie, Biophysik, Biologie und Materialwissenschaften angewandt * Auf die Bed?rfnisse Studierender zugeschnitten: der Autor ist ein erfahrener Hochschullehrer, der auch schwierige Aspekte verst?ndlich vermittelt * Hervorragende Didaktik: detaillierte Erkl?rungen und durchgerechnete Beispiele unterst?tzen das Verst?ndnis; zahlreiche Aufgaben mit L?sungen im Anhang erleichtern das Selbststudium Geschrieben f?r Studierende der Chemie, Biochemie, Materialwissenschaften und Physik, bietet Quantenmechanische Grundlagen der Molek?lspektroskopie umfassendes Lernmaterial zum Verst?ndnis der Molek?lspektroskopie.

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