общая биология (страница 13)

Автор: Nigel J. Dimmock

Praised forits clarity of presentation and accessibility, Introduction to Modern Virology has been a successful student text for over 30 years. It provides a broad introduction to virology, which includes the nature of viruses, the interaction of viruses with their hosts and the consequences of those interactions that lead to the diseases we see. This new edition contains a number of important changes and innovations including: The consideration of immunology now covers two chapters, one on innate immunity and the other on adaptive immunity, reflecting the explosion in knowledge of viral interactions with these systems. The coverage of vaccines and antivirals has been expanded and separated into two new chapters to reflect the importance of these approaches to prevention and treatment. Virus infections in humans are considered in more detail with new chapters on viral hepatitis, influenza, vector-borne diseases, and exotic and emerging viral infections, complementing an updated chapter on HIV. The final section includes three new chapters on the broader aspects of the influence of viruses on our lives, focussing on the economic impact of virus infections, the ways we can use viruses in clinical and other spheres, and the impact that viruses have on the planet and almost every aspect of our lives. A good basic understanding of viruses is important for generalists and specialists alike. The aim of this book is to make such understanding as accessible as possible, allowing students across the biosciences spectrum to improve their knowledge of these fascinating entities.

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Автор: Группа авторов

Invasion Genetics: the Baker & Stebbins legacy provides a state-of-the-art treatment of the evolutionary biology of invasive species, whilst also revisiting the historical legacy of one of the most important books in evolutionary biology: The Genetics of Colonizing Species, published in 1965 and edited by Herbert Baker and G. Ledyard Stebbins. This volume covers a range of topics concerned with the evolutionary biology of invasion including: phylogeography and the reconstruction of invasion history; demographic genetics; the role of stochastic forces in the invasion process; the contemporary evolution of local adaptation; the significance of epigenetics and transgenerational plasticity for invasive species; the genomic consequences of colonization; the search for invasion genes; and the comparative biology of invasive species. A wide diversity of invasive organisms are discussed including plants, animals, fungi and microbes.

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Автор: Leonid Yu. Prokhorov

Humanity’s dream of eternal life can come true. Russia has developed the world’s first “General Theory of Rejuvenation of Organisms”. This discovery is akin to the flight into space of the first satellite of the Earth and the first cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. You will be one of the first to have this knowledge when you read this book by the author – Dr. in Biology, gerontologist, a specialist in cell technology. The book provides evidences justification of the human desire to live long.

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Автор: Группа авторов

Das „Jahrbuch der Baumpflege 2020“ ist mit 448 Seiten die bisher umfangreichste Ausgabe und enth?lt alle Vortr?ge und Posterbeitr?ge, die auf den leider abgesagten Deutschen Baumpflegetagen in Augsburg 2020 gehalten bzw. gezeigt worden w?ren.
In dieser Ausgabe enthalten sind 37 Fachartikel zu den folgenden Themenschwerpunkten: – Aktuelle Baumkrankheiten – Trockenstress und Baummanagement – Wurzelraum und Baumgesundheit – Wissenschaftliche Kurzberichte und aktuelles aus der Forschung
Au?erdem im Jahrbuch der Baumpflege 2020 zu finden sind: – Adressen von Verb?nden und Forschungseinrichtungen – Adressverzeichnis Baumpflege – Gesamtregister 1997 bis 2020 mit Autoren- und Stichwortverzeichnis, im Anhang des Buches, umfasst ?ber 700 Fachartikel
Das Jahrbuch der Baumpflege ist Nachschlagewerk und Fachbuch in einem. Hier findet der Leser aktuelles Fachwissen zum Thema Baumpflege – wissenschaftlich korrekt und zugleich verst?ndlich und plausibel aufbereitet. Das Buch wird von erfahrenen Praktikern, Arboristen, Sachverst?ndigen und Wissenschaftlern gleicherma?en als Informationsquelle genutzt. Das Jahrbuch der Baumpflege erscheint 2020 in der 24. Ausgabe.

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Автор: Группа авторов

Trotz der pandemiebedingten Verschiebung der Deutschen Baumpflegetage auf das Jahr 2022 wird es das „Jahrbuch der Baumpflege 2021“ geben! Im Juni 2021 soll die 25. Ausgabe unabh?ngig von der Tagung als Jubil?umsausgabe „25 Jahre Jahrbuch der Baumpflege“ erscheinen. Themenschwerpunkt ist der „Baumschutz auf Baustellen“. Ein umfassendes Fachbuch zu diesem wichtigen Thema gibt es bislang nicht. Dabei ist aktuelles Wissen dar?ber angesichts der vielf?ltigen Baut?tigkeiten in unseren St?dten und an unseren Stra?en wichtiger denn je! Mit dem kommenden Jahrbuch der Baumpflege soll sich das ?ndern – gleichzeitig ist das der Beitrag der Deutschen Baumpflegetage f?r die B?ume im Jahr 2021!
Der Jubil?umsband soll insgesamt 30 Fachartikel enthalten. Die meisten davon sind Nachdrucke aus ?berwiegend nicht mehr lieferbaren Jahrg?ngen, die nach wie vor hoch aktuell und wichtig f?r die Baumpflege sind. Die drei Hauptkapitel der Jubil?umsausgabe sind: • Boden, Wurzeln und Leitungsbau • B?ume und Stra?enbau • Organisation von Baumschutzma?nahmen
Die einf?hrenden Artikel mit einer Darstellung der aktuellen Normen und Regelwerke, die den Hauptkapiteln jeweils vorangestellt werden, stammen von Thomas Amtage, Dirk Dujesiefken und Markus Streckenbach aus dem Fachbeirat der Deutschen Baumpflegetage. Wie in jedem Jahr wird es zu Beginn des Jahrbuches auch einen aktuellen Artikel zum Baum des Jahres 2021, der Stechpalme (Ilex aquifolium), von Andreas Roloff geben.
Des Weiteren finden sich im Jahrbuch der Baumpflege 2021 die Adressen von Verb?nden und Forschungseinrichtungen sowie das Adressverzeichnis Baumpflege. Das Gesamtregister 1997 bis 2021 mit dem Autoren- und Stichwortverzeichnis im Anhang des Buches umfasst ?ber 750 Fachartikel
Das Jahrbuch der Baumpflege ist Nachschlagewerk und Fachbuch in einem. Hier findet der Leser aktuelles Fachwissen zum Thema Baumpflege – wissenschaftlich korrekt und zugleich verst?ndlich und plausibel aufbereitet. Das Buch wird von erfahrenen Praktikern, Arboristen, Sachverst?ndigen und Wissenschaftlern gleicherma?en als Informationsquelle genutzt. Das Jahrbuch der Baumpflege erscheint 2021 als Jubil?umsausgabe in der 25. Ausgabe.

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Автор: Группа авторов

This important book provides a comprehensive review of our current knowledge of the world's leguminous plants and their symbiotic bacteria. Written by Professor Janet Sprent, a world authority in the area, Legume Nodulation contains comprehensive details of the following: An up to date review of legume taxonomy and a full list of the world's genera Details of how legumes are distributed throughout the world A review of the evolution of legume nodulation Comprehensive details of all microorganisms known to be symbiotic with legumes Ecological and environmental aspects of legume-bacteria symbiosis Legume Nodulation is an essential purchase for plant scientists, agronomists, ecologists and microbiologists. Libraries in all universities and research establishments where biological and agricultural sciences are studied and taught should have copies of this landmark publication.

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Автор: Hossam S. Hassanein

A concise introduction to IMT-Advanced Systems, including LTE-Advanced and WiMAX There exists a strong demand for fully extending emerging Internet services, including collaborative applications and social networking, to the mobile and wireless domain. Delivering such services can be possible only through realizing broadband in the wireless. Two candidate technologies are currently competing in fulfilling the requirements for wireless broadband networks, WiMAX and LTE. At the moment, LTE and its future evolution LTE-Advanced are already gaining ground in terms of vendor and operator support. Whilst both technologies share certain attributes (utilizing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) in downlink, accommodating smart antennas and full support for IP-switching, for example), they differ in others (including uplink technology, scheduling, frame structure and mobility support). Beyond technological merits, factors such as deployment readiness, ecosystem maturity and migration feasibility come to light when comparing the aptitude of the two technologies. LTE, LTE-Advanced and WiMAX: Towards IMT-Advanced Networks provides a concise, no-nonsense introduction to the two technologies, covering both interface and networking considerations. More critically, the book gives a multi-faceted comparison, carefully analyzing and distinguishing the characteristics of each technology and spanning both technical and economic merits. A “big picture” understanding of the market strategies and forecasts is also offered. Discusses and critically evaluates LTE, LTE-Advanced and WiMAX (Legacy and Advanced) Gives an overview of the principles and advances of each enabling technology Offers a feature-by-feature comparison between the candidate technologies Includes information which appeals to both industry practitioners and academics Provides an up-to-date report on market and industry status

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Автор: Группа авторов

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Автор: Группа авторов

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Автор: Группа авторов

With the health of the world’s oceans threatened as never before, it is becoming increasingly apparent that Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) play a vitally important role in protecting marine and coastal habitats. Management of Marine Protected Areas: A Network Perspective draws on the results of a major EU-sponsored research project related to the establishment of networks of MPAs in the Mediterranean and Black Seas that transpired from February 2011 to January 2016. Featuring contributions by leading university- and national research institute-based scientists, chapters utilize the latest research data and developments in marine conservation policy to explore issues related to ways in which networks of MPAs may amplify the effectiveness and conservation benefits of individual areas within them. Topics addressed include the broader socio-economic impacts of MPAs in the Mediterranean and Black Seas; the use of Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) to resolve conflicts between marine resource use and protection; special protection measures under the EU’s Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD); ecological value assessments in the Black Sea; the Ecosystem Approach (EA) for managing marine ecosystems; MPAs along Turkey’s Black Sea coast; MPAs and offshore wind farms; and managing and monitoring MPA networks within and between the Black and Mediterranean Seas. Timely and important, Management of Marine Protected Areas: A Network Perspective offers invaluable insights into the role of MPAs in preserving the welfare and long-term viability of our world’s oceans.

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Автор: G. Carleton Ray

Providing a guide for marine conservation practice, Marine Conservation takes a whole-systems approach, covering major advances in marine ecosystem understanding. Its premise is that conservation must be informed by the natural histories of organisms together with the hierarchy of scale-related linkages and ecosystem processes. The authors introduce a broad range of overlapping issues and the conservation mechanisms that have been devised to achieve marine conservation goals. The book provides students and conservation practitioners with a framework for thoughtful, critical thinking in order to incite innovation in the 21st century. «Marine Conservation presents a scholarly but eminently readable case for the necessity of a systems approach to conserving the oceans, combining superb introductions to the science, law and policy frameworks with carefully chosen case studies. This superb volume is a must for anyone interested in marine conservation, from students and practitioners to lay readers and policy-makers.» —Simon Levin, George M. Moffett Professor of Biology, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University

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Автор: Кэтти Уильямс

Their engagement is accidental.Indulging their passion is deliberate…Commanding tycoon Matias Silva is less long-term romance, more million-dollar business deals. Until his sweet childhood friend Georgie White anxiously confesses his family believe they’re engaged. Matias never does anything by halves, if they’re going to pretend, he’s all in. Whisking Georgie to his sprawling coastal mansion, he’ll ensure everyone believes their charade. But discovering Georgie’s true innocence, suddenly makes their fake relationship feel unexpectedly—deliciously!—real…

Серия: Mills & Boon Modern

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Автор: Группа авторов

Presenting a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted field of proteases in the extracellular matrix environment, this reference focuses on the recently elucidated functions of complex proteolytic systems in physiological and pathological tissue remodeling. The proteases treated include both serine proteases such as plasminogen activators and TTSPs, metalloproteases such as MMPs and ADAMS and cysteine protease cathepsins. The text specifically addresses the role of extracellular proteases in cancer cell invasion, stroke and infectious diseases, describing the basic biochemistry behind these disease states, as well as therapeutic strategies based on protease inhibition. With its trans-disciplinary scope, this reference bridges the gap between fundamental research and biomedical and pharmaceutical application, making this required reading for basic and applied scientists in the molecular life sciences.

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Автор: Ben Lee

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Автор: Jingdong Chen

A fully comprehensive examination of state-of-the-art technologies for measurement at the small scale • Highlights the advanced research work from industry and academia in micro-nano devices test technology • Written at both introductory and advanced levels, provides the fundamentals and theories • Focuses on the measurement techniques for characterizing MEMS/NEMS devices

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Автор: Группа авторов

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Автор: Группа авторов

Plant hormone signaling plays an important role in many physiological and developmental processes including stress response. With the advent of new post-genomic molecular techniques, the potential for increasing our understanding of the impact of hormone signaling on gene expression and adaptive processes has never been higher. Unlocking the molecular underpinnings of these processes shows great promise for the development of new plant biotechnologies and improved crop varieties. The topics included in this book emphasize on genomics and functional genomics aspects, to understand the global and whole genome level changes upon particular stress conditions. With the functional genomics tools, the mechanism of phytohormone signaling and their target genes can be defined in a more systematic manner. The integrated analysis of phytohormone signaling under single or multiple stress conditions may prove exceptional to design stress tolerant crop plants in the field conditions. Bringing together the latest advances, as well as the work being done to apply these findings to plant and crop science, Mechanism of Plant Hormone Signaling Under Stress will prove extremely useful to plant and stress biologists, plant biotechnology researchers, as well as students and teachers.

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Автор: Sergio Naval?n

Focusing on applications in separation, adsorption and catalysis, this handbook underlines the importance of this hot and exciting topic. It provides an excellent insight into the synthesis and modification of MOFs, their synthesis on an industrial scale, their use as CO2 and chemical warfare adsorbers, and the role of defects in catalysis. In addition, the authors treat such new aspects as biocatalysis and applications in photocatalysis and optoelectronic devices.

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Автор: Prakash S. Bisen

An accessible introduction to the world of microbes—from basic microbe biology through industrial applications Microbes affect our lives in a variety of ways—playing an important role in our health, food, agriculture, and environment. While some microbes are beneficial, others are pathogenic or opportunistic. Microbes: Concepts and Applications describes basic microbe biology and identification and shows not only how they operate in the subfields of medicine, biotechnology, environmental science, bioengineering, agriculture, and food science, but how they can be harnessed as a resource. It provides readers with a solid grasp of etiologic agents, pathogenic processes, epidemiology, and the role of microbes as therapeutic agents. Placing a major emphasis on omics technology, the book covers recent developments in the arena of microbes and discusses their role in industry and agriculture, as well as in related fields such as immunology, cell biology, and molecular biology. It offers complete discussions of the major bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic pathogens; includes information on emerging infectious diseases, antibiotic resistance, and bioterrorism; and talks about the future challenges in microbiology. The most complete treatment of microbial biology available, Microbes features eye-opening chapters on: Human and Microbial World Gene Technology: Application and Techniques Molecular Diagnostic and Medical Microbiology Identification and Classification of Microbes Diversity of Microorganisms Microbes in Agriculture Microbes as a Tool for Industry and Research Complete with charts and figures, this book is an invaluable textbook for university teachers, students, researchers, and people everywhere who care about microorganisms.

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Автор: Группа авторов

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Автор: Геннадий Немых

«Микродача» – авторские фотографии Геннадия Немых, сделанные с помощью микроскопа. Фотографии сделаны во время летнего отдыха.Автор обложки: Екатерина Немых.

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Автор: Louis M. Weiss

Microsporidia: Pathogens of Opportunity provides a systematic overview of the biology of microsporidia. Written by leading experts in the field, the book combines background and basic information on microsporidia with descriptive methods and resources for working with the pathogen. Newly revised and updated for its second edition, Microsporidia will continue to be the standard text reference for these pathogenic protists, and is an indispensable research resource for biologists, physicians and parasitologists. This new edition of this publication provides systematic reviews of the biology of this pathogen by leading experts in the field, and will be combined with descriptions of the methods and resources for working with this pathogen. • Provides a comprehensive summary of literature on microsporidia and microsporidiosis • The long-awaited update to the standard microsporidia reference text The Microsporidia and Microsporidiosis • Written by an international team of authors representing each of the main research groups working on microsporidia • Chapters provide comprehensive overviews of general methodology as well as special techniques related to these organisms

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Автор: Feitian Zhang

Presents the normal kinematic and dynamic equations for robots, including mobile robots, with coordinate transformations and various control strategies This fully updated edition examines the use of mobile robots for sensing objects of interest, and focus primarily on control, navigation, and remote sensing. It also includes an entirely new section on modeling and control of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), which exhibits unique complex three-dimensional dynamics. Mobile Robots: Navigation, Control and Sensing, Surface Robots and AUVs, Second Edition starts with a chapter on kinematic models for mobile robots. It then offers a detailed chapter on robot control, examining several different configurations of mobile robots. Following sections look at robot attitude and navigation. The application of Kalman Filtering is covered. Readers are also provided with a section on remote sensing and sensors. Other chapters discuss: target tracking, including multiple targets with multiple sensors; obstacle mapping and its application to robot navigation; operating a robotic manipulator; and remote sensing via UAVs. The last two sections deal with the dynamics modeling of AUVs and control of AUVs. In addition, this text: Includes two new chapters dealing with control of underwater vehicles Covers control schemes including linearization and use of linear control design methods, Lyapunov stability theory, and more Addresses the problem of ground registration of detected objects of interest given their pixel coordinates in the sensor frame Analyzes geo-registration errors as a function of sensor precision and sensor pointing uncertainty Mobile Robots: Navigation, Control and Sensing, Surface Robots and AUVs is intended for use as a textbook for a graduate course of the same title and can also serve as a reference book for practicing engineers working in related areas.

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Автор: Группа авторов

The book series 'Polymer Nano-, Micro- and Macrocomposites' provides complete and comprehensive information on all important aspects of polymer composite research and development, including, but not limited to synthesis, filler modification, modeling, characterization as well as application and commercialization issues. Each book focuses on a particular topic and gives a balanced in-depth overview of the respective subfi eld of polymer composite science and its relation to industrial applications. With the books the readers obtain dedicated resources with information relevant to their research, thereby helping to save time and money. This book lays the theoretical foundations and emphasizes the close connection between theory and experiment to optimize models and real-life procedures for the various stages of polymer composite development. As such, it covers quantum-mechanical approaches to understand the chemical processes on an atomistic level, molecular mechanics simulations to predict the filler surface dynamics, finite element methods to investigate the macro-mechanical behavior, and thermodynamic models to assess the temperature stability. The whole is rounded off by a look at multiscale models that can simulate properties at various length and time scales in one go – and with predictive accuracy.

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Автор: Jens Kurreck

Easy to read, yet comprehensive, this is the perfect introduction into the molecular basis of disease and the novel treatment options that have become available. The authors, Jens Kurreck and Cy Stein, have both long-standing teaching experience on the subject, one from a biologist's angle, the other with a medical background. Together, they have produced a modern textbook for courses in Molecular Medicine that incorporates modules from immunology to signaling, from virology to gene therapy, and the latest development in personalized medicine.

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Автор: Mike White

Kompakt und »verdammt clever« auf den Punkt gebracht – vermittelt Molekularbiologie das unverzichtbare Grundwissen zu Struktur, Biosynthese und Funktion von DNA und RNA und erkl?rt, wie diese untereinander und mit Proteinen interagieren. Endlich ein ma?geschneidertes Kurzlehrbuch f?r Studenten, die auf der Suche nach einer knappen Einf?hrung in dieses grundlegende Fachgebiet sind: • Ideal f?r Einsteiger! Beschr?nkt sich auf die wirklich wichtigen Themen der Molekularbiologie und fasst die wesentlichen Fakten und Begriffe f?r jedes Thema zusammen. • Einpr?gsam! Klare Abbildungen erleichtern das Lernen und Verstehen, Querverweise auf verwandte Kapitel zeigen Zusammenh?nge auf und f?rdern so das Verst?ndnis. • Ausgezeichnete Pr?fungsvorbereitung! Erm?glicht strukturiertes Lernen und schnelles Wiederholen durch einzigartigen Kapitelaufbau – mit ?ber 70 Fragen und Antworten.

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Автор: David Morgan

"Molekularbiologie der Zelle" ist das f?hrende Lehrbuch der Zellbiologie, international ebenso wie im gesamten deutschsprachigen Raum. Studierende in den F?chern Molekularbiologie, Genetik, Zellbiologie, Biochemie und Biotechnologie begleitet dieses Buch durch das gesamte Studium, die Pr?fungen und dar?ber hinaus. Mit erstklassiger und bew?hrter Didaktik f?hrt die sechste Auflage sowohl in die grundlegenden Konzepte der Zellbiologie als auch in deren faszinierende Anwendungen in Medizin, Gentechnik und Biotechnologie ein. Sie vermittelt neue Erkenntnisse zu intrazellul?rer Organisation, Membranstruktur, Dynamik und Transport und stellt hochaktuelle Themen verst?ndlich dar, wie Nuclear Reprogramming und neu entdeckte Funktionen der RNA. Der unverwechselbare, zum Lesen verf?hrende «Alberts»-Stil wird erg?nzt durch ?ber 1400 Farbabbildungen und 21 gro?e Tafeln, die komplexe Vorg?nge, klassische Experimente und aktuelle Methoden verdeutlichen. Vertieft wird der Stoff durch das frei zug?ngliche Zusatzmaterial auf www.wiley-vch.de/home/MolBioZelle6. Kostenloses Bonusmaterial f?r Dozenten ist erh?ltlich auf www.wiley-vch.de/textbooks.

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Автор: Группа авторов

Endlich in zweiter Auflage: das erste deutschsprachige Lehrbuch, das sich umfassend mit der modernen Molekulardiagnostik im medizinischen Labor beschaftigt. Speziell fur medizinisch-technische Assistenten entwickelt, gibt das Buch nicht nur eine praxisnahe Einfuhrung in die Diagnostik, sondern vermittelt auch einen hervorragenden Einstieg in die Molekularbiologie und Genetik. Damit nimmt das Buch einen zentralen Platz in der MTA-Ausbildung ein. Beibehalten wurde der Uberblick uber die derzeit gangigen Methoden, deren theoretische Grundlagen sowie ihre Anwendungsgebiete in der taglichen Praxis. Besonderer Wert wird auf die Vor- und Nachteile der jeweiligen Untersuchungsmethoden bei Praktikabilitat, Sensitivitat und Spezifitat gelegt. Abgerundet wird der praxisnah geschriebene Leitfaden durch ein Glossar sowie eine Ubersicht der gesetzlichen Regelungen zur molekularen Labordiagnostik im deutschsprachigen Raum.

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Автор: Harvey G. Klein

Mollison's Blood Transfusion in Clinical Medicine is an icon in the field of transfusion and the first edition was published in 1951. The book arose from the concept of the transfusionist, as both scientist and expert consultant. For many years, this text has provided the primary, and often the sole, reference for detailed information and practical experience in blood transfusion. The book is completely revised and updated throughout to include the latest advances and developments in the field.

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Автор: Группа авторов

Morson and Dawson’s Gastrointestinal Pathology 5th Edition Edited by Neil A. Shepherd, DM, FRCPath, Gloucestershire Cellular Pathology Laboratory, Cheltenham, UK; Bryan F. Warren, MB, ChB, FRCP (London), FRCPath, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK; Geraint T. Williams, OBE, BSc, MD, MRCR, FRCP (London), FRCPath, FMedSci, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Joel K. Greenson, MD, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Gregory Y. Lauwers, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; and Marco R. Novelli, MB, ChB, PhD, FRCPath, University College Hospital, London, UK Emphasizing the important role the gastrointestinal pathologist now plays in patient management, Morson and Dawson’s Gastrointestinal Pathology, 5th Edition, is a comprehensive resource for both training and practice. This revision of a “gold standard” textbook reflects current practice, where the abundance of surgical specimens and the revolution in endoscopy has made virtually the entire gastrointestinal tract accessible to biopsy. Generations of practitioners valued Morson and Dawson’s candid guidance, highly readable text, and abundant, high-quality illustrations. This edition preserves those popular features and, to add an international dimension, now includes authors from North America, the European continent, Asia, and Australia. Authors write on their areas of expertise, with chapters organized into seven major parts: Oesophagus Stomach Small Intestine Appendix Large Intestine The Anal Region Peritoneum Each part opens with a chapter on normal anatomy, dissection, and relevant histology. The following chapters describe the morphology, pathogenesis, and aetiology of specific disorders and incorporate developments in molecular pathology and immunohistochemistry. A concluding chapter in each part summarizes miscellaneous conditions of that organ. More than 700 colour images throughout the text illustrate the discussion. An associated website contains all the figures for easy downloading into presentations. With outstanding contributions from the world’s leading gastrointestinal pathologists and a wealth of new information, Morson and Dawson’s Gastrointestinal Pathology, 5th Edition, will serve a new generation of gastrointestinal pathologists, gastroenterologists, and pathologists as the definitive reference for the field.

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Автор: Yasuhisa Omura

Helps readers understand the physics behind MOS devices for low-voltage and low-energy applications Based on timely published and unpublished work written by expert authors Discusses various promising MOS devices applicable to low-energy environmental and biomedical uses Describes the physical effects (quantum, tunneling) of MOS devices Demonstrates the performance of devices, helping readers to choose right devices applicable to an industrial or consumer environment Addresses some Ge-based devices and other compound-material-based devices for high-frequency applications and future development of high performance devices. «Seemingly innocuous everyday devices such as smartphones, tablets and services such as on-line gaming or internet keyword searches consume vast amounts of energy. Even when in standby mode, all these devices consume energy. The upcoming 'Internet of Things' (IoT) is expected to deploy 60 billion electronic devices spread out in our homes, cars and cities. Britain is already consuming up to 16 per cent of all its power through internet use and this rate is doubling every four years. According to The UK's Daily Mail May (2015), if usage rates continue, all of Britain's power supply could be consumed by internet use in just 20 years. In 2013, U.S. data centers consumed an estimated 91 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity, corresponding to the power generated by seventeen 1000-megawatt nuclear power plants. Data center electricity consumption is projected to increase to roughly 140 billion kilowatt-hours annually by 2020, the equivalent annual output of 50 nuclear power plants.» —Natural Resources Defense Council, USA, Feb. 2015 All these examples stress the urgent need for developing electronic devices that consume as little energy as possible. The book “MOS Devices for Low-Voltage and Low-Energy Applications” explores the different transistor options that can be utilized to achieve that goal. It describes in detail the physics and performance of transistors that can be operated at low voltage and consume little power, such as subthreshold operation in bulk transistors, fully depleted SOI devices, tunnel FETs, multigate and gate-all-around MOSFETs. Examples of low-energy circuits making use of these devices are given as well. «The book MOS Devices for Low-Voltage and Low-Energy Applications is a good reference for graduate students, researchers, semiconductor and electrical engineers who will design the electronic systems of tomorrow.» —Dr. Jean-Pierre Colinge, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) «The authors present a creative way to show how different MOS devices can be used for low-voltage and low-power applications. They start with Bulk MOSFET, following with SOI MOSFET, FinFET, gate-all-around MOSFET, Tunnel-FET and others. It is presented the physics behind the devices, models, simulations, experimental results and applications. This book is interesting for researchers, graduate and undergraduate students. The low-energy field is an important topic for integrated circuits in the future and none can stay out of this.» —Prof. Joao A. Martino, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Автор: Georges Venizelos

The final volume in the Non-deformable Solid Mechanics set, Movement Equations 5 deals with the dynamics of sets of solids. This volume provides the appropriate mathematical tools (torsor calculus and matrix calculus) to obtain and solve the equations of motion for a chain of solids. These equations are then used to acquire the information necessary for the design of mechanical systems. Also examined are the vibratory behavior of continuous (deformable) systems, rigid and deformable solids, and sets of several solids. The book concludes with a study of the response of an excited system as a function of the excitation frequency. Accompanied by detailed examples, this book is aimed primarily at students, but would also serve as a valuable support for working engineers and teacher-researchers.

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Автор: Группа авторов

The first comprehensive coverage of this unique and interdisciplinary field provides a complete overview, covering such topics as chemoenzymatic synthesis, microbial production of DNA building blocks, asymmetric transformations by coupled enzymes and much more. By combining enzymatic and synthetic organic steps, the use of multi-enzyme complexes and other techniques opens the door to reactions hitherto unknown, making this monograph of great interest to biochemists, organic chemists, and chemists working with/on organometallics, as well as catalytic chemists, biotechnologists, and those working in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries.

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Автор: Андрей Тихомиров

Under de senaste 20 ?ren har medlemmar i Zoonomia international consortium dechiffrerat genomerna hos djur fr?n olika familjer och j?mf?rt dem med sekvensen av m?nskligt DNA. Vetenskapen har fastst?llt att den grundl?ggande skillnaden mellan m?nniskor och djur intr?ffade f?r ungef?r en miljon ?r sedan i Sydafrika. Det var baserat p? mutationsprocesser som ledde till att proteinf?rpackningen av DNA omorganiserades i de omr?den som ?r f?rknippade med utvecklingen av hj?rnan i "zonen f?r accelererad m?nsklig utveckling". Dessa omr?den i hj?rnan hos forntida m?nskliga f?rf?der r?kade vara bredvid f?rst?rkare-f?rst?rkare av genaktivitet, som blev en v?ndpunkt i forntida m?nniskors historia. Men denna olycka var ocks? en n?dv?ndighet som med all sannolikhet uppstod med f?r?ndringen av mat som konsumeras av forntida f?rf?der, det var anv?ndningen av mat tillagad i brand som fungerade som denna drivkraft.

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Автор: Андрей Тихомиров

I l?pet av de siste 20 ?rene har medlemmer av Zoonomia international consortium dechiffrert genomene til dyr fra forskjellige familier og sammenlignet dem med sekvensen av humant DNA. Vitenskapen har sl?tt fast at den grunnleggende forskjellen mellom mennesker og dyr skjedde for omtrent en million ?r siden I S?r-Afrika. Det var basert p? mutasjonsprosesser som f?rte til at proteinemballasjen AV DNA ble omorganisert i omr?dene forbundet med utviklingen av hjernen i "sonen for akselerert menneskelig utvikling". Disse omr?dene i hjernen til gamle menneskelige forfedre var tilfeldigvis ved siden av forsterkere-forsterkere av genaktivitet, som ble et vendepunkt i eldgamle menneskers historie. Men denne ulykken var ogs? en n?dvendighet som etter all sannsynlighet oppsto med endringen av mat som ble konsumert av gamle forfedre, det var bruken av mat tilberedt i brann som fungerte som denne drivkraften.

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Автор: Charlotte Tripon-Canseliet

This book targets new trends in microwave engineering by downscaling components and devices for industrial purposes such as miniaturization and function densification, in association with the new approach of activation by a confined optical remote control. It covers the fundamental groundwork of the structure, property, characterization methods and applications of 1D and 2D nanostructures, along with providing the necessary knowledge on atomic structure, how it relates to the material band-structure and how this in turn leads to the amazing properties of these structures. It thus provides new graduates, PhD students and post-doctorates with a resource equipping them with the knowledge to undertake their research.

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Автор: Группа авторов

Natural history collections have recently acquired an unprecedented place of importance in scientific research. Originally created in the context of systematics and taxonomy, they are now proving to be fundamental for answering various scientific and societal questions that are as significant as they are current.

Natural History Collections in the Science of the 21st Century presents a wide range of questions and answers raised by the study of collections. The billions of specimens that have been collected from all around the world over more than two centuries provide us with information that is vital in our quest for knowledge about the Earth, the universe, the diversity of life and the history of humankind.

These collections also provide valuable reference points from the past to help us understand the nature and dynamics of global change today. Their physical permanence is the best guarantee we have of a return to data and to information sources in the context of open science.

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Автор: Группа авторов

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Автор: Christopher A. Shaw

The emerging understanding of age-related neurological disorders suggests that notions of a single causal gene/toxin being responsible is likely incorrect. Neurological disorders probably arise due to a unique intersection of multiple genetic and toxic factors, combined with additional contributions of age, stage of development, immune system actions, and more. This perspective leads to the view that rather than reflecting only one pathway to end-state disease, each is a spectrum disorder, and every individual case is therefore unique. Neural Dynamics of Neurological Disease argues for a fundamental rethinking of what we think we know about neurological disorders, how they arise and progress, and, crucially, what might be done to «cure» them. It first introduces the concept of neural dynamics of neurological disease, then examines various diseases and gives examples of the interplay of elements such as neural systems, cell types, and biochemical pathways that can contribute to disease. The concluding chapters point the way to how the emerging notion of neurological disease as a dynamic process may lead to more successful treatment options. Providing a cross-disciplinary approach to understanding the origin and progression of neurological disease, Neural Dynamics of Neurological Disease is a timely and valuable resource for neuroscientists, researchers, and clinicians.

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Автор: Ahmed Al-Rawi

Offers fresh insights and empirical evidence on the producers, consumers, and content of News 2.0     The second generation of news—News 2.0—made, distributed, and consumed on the internet, particularly social media, has forever changed the news business. News 2.0: Journalists, Audiences and News on Social Media examines the ways in which news production is sometimes biased and how social networking sites (SNS) have become highly personalized news platforms that reflect users’ preferences and worldviews. Drawing from empirical evidence, this book provides a critical and analytical assessment of recent developments, major debates, and contemporary research on news, social media, and news organizations worldwide. Author Ahmed Al-Rawi highlights how, despite the proliferation of news on social media, consumers are often confined within filter “bubbles.” Emphasizing non-Western media outlets, the text explores the content, audiences, and producers of News 2.0, and addresses direct impacts on democracy, politics, and institutions. Topics include viral news on SNS, celebrity journalists and branding, “fake news” discourse, and the emergence of mobile news apps as ethnic mediascapes. Integrating computational journalism methods and cross-national comparative research, this unique volume: Examines different aspects of news bias such as news content and production, emphasizing news values theory Assesses how international media organizations including CNN, BBC, and RT address non-Western news audiences Discusses concepts such as audience fragmentation on social media, viral news, networked flak, clickbait, and internet bots Employs novel techniques in text mining such as topic modeling to provide a holistic overview of news selection News 2.0: Journalists, Audiences and News on Social Media is an innovative and illuminating resource for undergraduate and graduate students of media, communication, and journalism studies as well as media and communication scholars, media practitioners, journalists, and general readers with interest in the subject.

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Автор: Группа авторов

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Автор: Группа авторов

ORGANIC REACTIONS Examines the beneficial roles of nitric oxide in growth and stress tolerance regulation through its involvement in tolerance mechanisms Studies have identified the central role of nitric oxide in stress mitigation through the modulation of physiological and biochemical pathways including germination, photosynthesis regulation, and programmed cell death. Nitric Oxide in Plants: A Molecule with Dual Roles provides a detailed account of the physio-biochemical, molecular, and omic basis of NO-mediated responses in crop plants under different stresses. Summarizing recent work from leading researchers in the field, this up-to-date volume presents the current understanding of the modulation of the endogenous nitric oxide concentration following exogenous treatments and nitric oxide scavengers or inhibitors. The contributors discuss topics such as NO-mediated regulation of growth, photosynthesis, and tolerance mechanisms, the reductive and oxidative pathways of NO synthesis, molecular interventions for enhancing NO synthesis, the role of nitrogen in production of NO, beneficial microbes in NO production under normal and changing environmental conditions, and more. Includes an overview of the biosynthesis and regulation of NO synthesis in plants Describes the enzymatic and non-enzymatic biosynthesis of NO and the influence of different stress factors on NO synthesis Explores the role of reactive oxygen, sulphur, and nitrogen species in stress signaling Discusses endogenous and exogenous NO in modifying the ascorbate-glutathione cycle Explains the crosstalk mechanisms underlying NO and phytohormones, including auxins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and ethylene Nitric Oxide in Plants: A Molecule with Dual Roles is an essential resource for academics, students, and industry professionals studying the role of nitric oxide in environmental stress tolerance and its interaction with key signaling molecules.

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Автор: Группа авторов

The content of this volume has been added to eMagRes (formerly Encyclopedia of Magnetic Resonance) – the ultimate online resource for NMR and MRI. The term «NMR Crystallography» has only recently come into common usage, and even now causes raised eyebrows within some parts of the diffraction community. The power of solid-state NMR to give crystallographic information has considerably increased since the CPMAS suite of techniques was introduced in 1976. In the first years of the 21st century, the ability of NMR to provide information to support and facilitate the analysis of single-crystal and powder diffraction patterns has become widely accepted. Indeed, NMR can now be used to refine diffraction results and, in favorable cases, to solve crystal structures with minimal (or even no) diffraction data. The increasing ability to relate chemical shifts (including the tensor components) to the crystallographic location of relevant atoms in the unit cell via computational methods has added significantly to the practice of NMR crystallography. Diffraction experts will increasingly welcome NMR as an allied technique in their structural analyses. Indeed, it may be that in the future crystal structures will be determined by simultaneously fitting diffraction patterns and NMR spectra. This Handbook is organised into six sections. The first contains an overview and some articles on fundamental NMR topics, followed by a section concentrating on chemical shifts, and one on coupling interactions. The fourth section contains articles describing how NMR results relate to fundamental crystallography concepts and to diffraction methods. The fifth section concerns specific aspects of structure, such as hydrogen bonding. Finally, four articles in the sixth section give applications of NMR crystallography to structural biology, organic & pharmaceutical chemistry, inorganic & materials chemistry, and geochemistry. About EMR Handbooks / eMagRes Handbooks The Encyclopedia of Magnetic Resonance (up to 2012) and eMagRes (from 2013 onward) publish a wide range of online articles on all aspects of magnetic resonance in physics, chemistry, biology and medicine. The existence of this large number of articles, written by experts in various fields, is enabling the publication of a series of EMR Handbooks / eMagRes Handbooks on specific areas of NMR and MRI. The chapters of each of these handbooks will comprise a carefully chosen selection of articles from eMagRes. In consultation with the eMagRes Editorial Board, the EMR Handbooks / eMagRes Handbooks are coherently planned in advance by specially-selected Editors, and new articles are written (together with updates of some already existing articles) to give appropriate complete coverage. The handbooks are intended to be of value and interest to research students, postdoctoral fellows and other researchers learning about the scientific area in question and undertaking relevant experiments, whether in academia or industry. Have the content of this Handbook and the complete content of eMagRes at your fingertips! Visit: www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/ref/eMagRes View other eMagRes publications here

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Автор: Gregory Bock R

Prominent clinicians and researchers from diverse disciplines discuss the basic cell and molecular biology of steroid action and sex steroids' effects on the nervous and immune systems. Provides an integrated evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of hormone replacement therapy.

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Автор: Veniamin Nazarov

Nonlinear Acoustic Waves in Micro-inhomogeneous Solids covers the broad and dynamic branch of nonlinear acoustics, presenting a wide variety of different phenomena from both experimental and theoretical perspectives. The introductory chapters, written in the style of graduate-level textbook, present a review of the main achievements of classic nonlinear acoustics of homogeneous media. This enables readers to gain insight into nonlinear wave processes in homogeneous and micro-inhomogeneous solids and compare it within the framework of the book. The subsequent eight chapters covering: Physical models and mechanisms of the structure nonlinearity of micro-inhomogeneous media with cracks and cavities; Elastic waves in media with strong acoustic nonlinearity; Wave processes in micro-inhomogeneous media with hysteretic nonlinearity; Wave processes in nonlinear micro-inhomogeneous media with relaxation; Wave processes in the polycrystalline solids with dissipative and elastic nonlinearity caused by dislocations; Experimental studies of the nonlinear acoustic phenomena in polycrystalline rocks and metals; Experimental studies of nonlinear acoustic phenomena in granular media; and Nonlinear phenomena in seismic waves are dedicated to the theoretical and experimental research of nonlinear processes, caused by longitudinal elastic waves propagation and interaction in the micro-inhomogeneous media with a strong acoustical nonlinearity of different types (elastic, hysteretic, bimodular, elastic quadratic and non-elastic). This valuable monograph is intended for graduate students and researchers in applied physics, mechanical engineering, and applied mathematics, as well as those working in a wide spectrum of disciplines in materials science.

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Автор: George I. Stegeman

Clear, integrated coverage of all aspects of nonlinear optics—phenomena, materials, and devices Coauthored by George Stegeman, one of the most highly respected pioneers of nonlinear optics—with contributions on applications from Robert Stegeman—this book covers nonlinear optics from a combined physics, optics, materials science, and devices perspective. It offers a thoroughly balanced treatment of concepts, nonlinear materials, practical aspects of nonlinear devices, and current application areas. Beginning with the presentation of a simple electron on a spring model—to help readers make the leap from concepts to applications—Nonlinear Optics gives comprehensive explanations of second-order phenomena, derivation of nonlinear susceptibilities, third-order nonlinear effects, multi-wave mixing, scattering, and more. Coverage includes: Nonlinear response of materials at the molecular level Second-order nonlinear devices, their optimization and limitations The physical origins of second- and third-order nonlinearities Typical frequency dispersion of nonlinearities, explained in terms of simple two- and three-level models Ultrafast and ultrahigh intensity processes Practice problems demonstrating the design of such nonlinear devices as frequency doublers and optical oscillators Based on more than twenty years of lectures at the College of Optics and Photonics (CREOL) at the University of Central Florida, Nonlinear Optics introduces all topics from the ground up, making the material easily accessible not only for physicists, but also for chemists and materials scientists, as well as professionals in diverse areas of optics, from laser physics to electrical engineering.

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Автор: Группа авторов

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Автор: David Cavalla

Today’s medicines are regulated for their efficacy and safety and, once approved, they can be marketed for certain uses as justified by the data. Regulatory bodies in developed countries are constituted by legal statute and operate as parts of government, ostensibly in the interests of the people as patients. But once approved, medicines can be used for any purpose the prescriber thinks fit and appropriate for the patient. One in five prescriptions is therefore written outside regulatory purview. Off-label Prescribing looks into the corners of our medicated lives, where drug regulation runs up against medical practice, and concerns the use of a drug that has been approved for one use (in medical parlance, ‘indication’) being used for a different indication; alternatively, being used on a different set of patients from the ones it is approved for, or at a different dose. Usually the patient is unaware of what is going on, having not been informed by their doctor of this aspect of his or her prescribing choice. The book examines how and why this occurs, what the various medical professions have to say about it, and how pharmaceutical companies benefit by moving into this poorly regulated area. Off-label Prescribing pulls these complex issues together in one volume, to highlight current practice, its advantages and weaknesses and how the author suggests practice should evolve in the future. It will therefore be of interest to all those who prescribe (and receive) medicines, combined with a greater objective to provide more transparency and discussion for professionals.

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Автор: Чарльз Дарвин

On the Origin of Species first appeared in 1859, and it remains a continuing source of conflict to this day. Even among those who reject its ideas, however, the work's impact is undeniable. In science, philosophy, and theology, this is a book that changed the world. In addition to its status as the focus of a dramatic turning point in scientific thought, On the Origin of Species stands as a remarkably readable study.

Исполнители: Mary Kay

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Автор: Kenneth R. Baker

An accessible introduction to optimization analysis using spreadsheets Updated and revised, Optimization Modeling with Spreadsheets, Third Edition emphasizes model building skills in optimization analysis. By emphasizing both spreadsheet modeling and optimization tools in the freely available Microsoft® Office Excel® Solver, the book illustrates how to find solutions to real-world optimization problems without needing additional specialized software. The Third Edition includes many practical applications of optimization models as well as a systematic framework that illuminates the common structures found in many successful models. With focused coverage on linear programming, nonlinear programming, integer programming, and heuristic programming, Optimization Modeling with Spreadsheets, Third Edition features: An emphasis on model building using Excel Solver as well as appendices with additional instructions on more advanced packages such as Analytic Solver Platform and OpenSolver Additional space devoted to formulation principles and model building as opposed to algorithms New end-of-chapter homework exercises specifically for novice model builders Presentation of the Sensitivity Toolkit for sensitivity analysis with Excel Solver Classification of problem types to help readers see the broader possibilities for application Specific chapters devoted to network models and data envelopment analysis A companion website with interactive spreadsheets and supplementary homework exercises for additional practice Optimization Modeling with Spreadsheets, Third Edition is an excellent textbook for upper-undergraduate and graduate-level courses that include deterministic models, optimization, spreadsheet modeling, quantitative methods, engineering management, engineering modeling, operations research, and management science. The book is an ideal reference for readers wishing to advance their knowledge of Excel and modeling and is also a useful guide for MBA students and modeling practitioners in business and non-profit sectors interested in spreadsheet optimization.

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